“…In such a highly competitive market, fundraisers increasingly face the need to design more effective fundraising letters to persuade their audience to donate money (see Bendapudi, Singh, and Bendapudi, 1996). A number of communication strategies have recently been studied in the context of fundraising, such as using exemplars (Hoeken and Hustinx, 2007), mentioning previous donations (Shang, Reed, and Croson, 2008), providing evidence (Das, Kerkhof, and Kuiper, 2008), and selecting an appropriate appeal (Brunel and Nelson, 2000). For fundraising appeals, experimental studies such as Nelson (2000, 2003) have demonstrated that the persuasiveness of specific appeals depends on their congruence with readers' gender.…”