Explaining changing patterns of wood presence across the Bronze and Iron Age at Kaman-Kalehöyük, central Anatolia

Wright, Nathan; Fairbairn, Andrew; Üstünkaya, M. Cemre; Faith, J. Tyler

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.11.121

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Although not without shortcomings (ter Braak and Šmilauer, 2015), DCA allows to minimize some of the limitations of other ordination techniques, such as the arch effect or the influence of rare species on the results (ter Braak, 1995;. Given its advantages, DCA is very popular among ecologists (ter Braak, 1995), and it is also widely used in Archaeology (Amesbury et al, 2008;Schmidl et al, 2007;Wright et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the life-cycles of Bronze Age pits: A multi-stranded approach, integrating ceramic refitting, archaeobotany and taphonomy

Seijo

González

Teira-Brión

et al. 2017

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the life-cycles of Bronze Age pits: A multi-stranded approach, integrating ceramic refitting, archaeobotany and taphonomy

Seijo

González

Teira-Brión

et al. 2017

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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“…Çayboyu is a contemporary 4 th millennium BCE Late Chalcolithic assemblage, but only ubiquity data based on 26 samples was published, without full quantitative analysis (Nesbitt et al, 2017;Willcox, 1974). Robust charcoal assemblages have been published also from later Bronze and Iron Age sites (Kaman-Kalehöyük: Wright et al, 2015;Wright et al, 2017;Gordion: Marston, 2017;Miller, 1999Miller, , 2010 to the south and west of Çamlıbel Tarlası, as well as very small Iron Age assemblages from the nearby sites of Hattuša and Kerkenes (Dörfler et al, 2000:377). These serve as the most useful comparanda for Çamlıbel Tarlası, but no wood assemblages contemporary with the site have been published to date from central Anatolia (Figure 1).…”

Section: Comparative Charcoal Studies From Central Anatoliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental reconstruction and wood use at Late Chalcolithic Çamlıbel Tarlası, Turkey

Marston

Kováčik

Schoop

2021

Quaternary International

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Çamlıbel Tarlası is a short-lived, mid 4 th millennium BCE Chalcolithic archaeological site in northern central Anatolia, modern Turkey, with evidence for both intensive metallurgy and permanent occupation. Analysis of a wood charcoal assemblage from the site, totaling 2815 charcoal fragments, is the first from this period and region. Anthracological analysis indicates that the primary fuel wood used was deciduous oak, which comprised nearly 90% of identifiable fragments. We find little evidence of differences in wood species used for different functions or over time; however, a significant trend towards the increased use of large-diameter branch or trunk wood over time is noted both for oak and other minor taxa. We reconstruct a dense oakdominated woodland in the vicinity of the site at the time of first use, with increased forest clearance over time, due to either diminished fuel availability or agricultural expansion, or a combination of the two. An intensification in metallurgical activity in later periods of occupation may have increased demand specifically for large-diameter wood.

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“…1; Kealhofer and Grave, 2011;Omura, 2011;Roller, 2011), provides additional corroboration of a Phrygian lowland agricultural strategy. Although published only in preliminary form to date, data show that barley was more common than wheat, both lentil and bitter vetch were grown, and wild seeds were common, indicating prevalent dung fuel use (Fairbairn, 2006;Fairbairn and Bradley, 2008;Wright et al, 2015). This pattern follows that of Gordion, rather than Kerkenes, suggesting that climatic similarities between Gordion and Kaman, both in the lowland steppe-forest zone, led to similar agricultural adaptations at the two sites.…”

Section: Adaptation To Climatic Variation In Phrygian Anatoliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural adaptation to highland climate in Iron Age Anatolia

Marston

Branting

2016

Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports

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As polities grow and expand into environments distinct from their homeland, settlers moving to new landscapes may need to adapt familiar agricultural strategies to a new climate. This article explores one such case through the site of Kerkenes, a fortified, mountaintop urban center of Iron Age Central Anatolia evidently founded by Phrygian settlers from further west. New archaeobotanical data from Kerkenes indicate a set of agricultural practices broadly similar to that of other contemporary sites in Anatolia. Farmers at Kerkenes, however, appear to have prioritized bread wheat cultivation over that of barley, in stark contrast to agricultural strategies at Gordion, capital of the Phrygian kingdom. Placing Kerkenes in its environmental and economic landscape suggests that farmers took advantage of favorable rainfall patterns to emphasize a preferred cereal crop, deploying new strategies to minimize local subsistence risk. These results highlight the potential of regional syntheses of agricultural practices within large territorial states to illuminate the environmental footprints and agricultural signatures of individual polities.

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Explaining changing patterns of wood presence across the Bronze and Iron Age at Kaman-Kalehöyük, central Anatolia

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Disentangling the life-cycles of Bronze Age pits: A multi-stranded approach, integrating ceramic refitting, archaeobotany and taphonomy

Disentangling the life-cycles of Bronze Age pits: A multi-stranded approach, integrating ceramic refitting, archaeobotany and taphonomy

Environmental reconstruction and wood use at Late Chalcolithic Çamlıbel Tarlası, Turkey

Agricultural adaptation to highland climate in Iron Age Anatolia

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