Expert Recommendations for Improving Driving Safety for Teens and Adult Drivers with ADHD

Aduen, Paula; Cox, Daniel J.; Fabiano, Gregory A.; Garner, Annie A.; Kofler, Michael

doi:10.1521/adhd.2019.27.4.8

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…While these numbers are not directly comparable due to different outcome definitions used, the high background risk reconfirms the need to tackle road safety issues for teenage drivers with ADHD. Future studies should continue to explore the value of pharmacological, cognitive, behavioral, family, educational, and technical interventions in the real-world setting to provide evidence-based guidance for daily clinical practice (Aduen et al, 2019; El Farouki et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medication Use for ADHD and the Risk of Driving Citations and Crashes Among Teenage Drivers: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Winterstein

Gerhard

et al. 2020

J Atten Disord

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Objectives: To evaluate the real-world effectiveness of ADHD medications on adverse driving outcomes in teenage drivers with ADHD. Method: We retrospectively followed 15- to 20-year-old ADHD patients with valid driver’s license to compare the risk for crashes and citations between periods with and without ADHD medication use, using Florida Medicaid records linked to Department of Motor Vehicles data from 1999 to 2004. Patient-level demographic, clinical, and driver licensing characteristics as well as county-level crash and traffic statistics were adjusted in Cox models. Results: A total of 2,049 patients had 67 crashes and 319 citations. Adjusted hazard ratios comparing ADHD medication use versus no use were 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.66, 1.90]) and 0.89 (95% CI = [0.69, 1.13]) for crashes and citations, respectively. Conclusion: Our study showed no evidence that ADHD medication use was associated with a reduced risk of adverse driving outcomes among teenage drivers enrolled in Medicaid programs. Limitations in interpreting this finding are presented.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medication Use for ADHD and the Risk of Driving Citations and Crashes Among Teenage Drivers: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Winterstein

Gerhard

et al. 2020

J Atten Disord

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“…An example of this is the transition to learning to drive. Adolescents are the riskiest drivers on the roadway, overall; if an adolescent has ADHD they are significantly more at risk for negative driving outcomes including accidents, accidents that cause injury, and fatalities [ 108 , 109 ]. The period of time when individuals with ADHD are learning to drive may therefore be a critical, and also opportune time to initiate intervention.…”

Section: Future Directions In Improving Efficacy and Effectivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the efficacy and effectiveness of evidence-based psychosocial interventions for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents

Chacko,

Merrill,

Kofler

et al. 2024

Transl Psychiatry

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent, chronic, and impairing mental health disorder of childhood. Decades of empirical research has established a strong evidence-based intervention armamentarium for ADHD; however, limitations exist in regards to efficacy and effectiveness of these interventions. We provide an overview of select evidence-based interventions for children and adolescents, highlighting potential approaches to further improving the efficacy and effectiveness of these interventions. We conclude with broader recommendations for interventions, including considerations to moderators and under-explored intervention target areas as well as avenues to improve access and availability of evidence-based interventions through leveraging underutilized workforces and leveraging technology.

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“…In addition to the social behaviors noted above, additional areas of impairment may include driving behavior and meeting weekly obligations. Driving is an area of clear impairment for individuals with ADHD (Aduen et al, 2019; Barkley & Cox, 2007; Curry et al, 2019; Fischer et al, 2007). There is now clear, converging evidence from multiple prospective studies with well-diagnosed adolescents with ADHD and comparison, non-ADHD adolescents, that adolescent drivers with ADHD have more negative driving outcomes (Aduen et al, 2019; Chang et al, 2014; Curry et al, 2019; Fischer et al, 2007; Garner, 2019; Narad et al, 2018).…”

Section: Considerations In Adult Assessment Of Adhd Symptoms and Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Driving is an area of clear impairment for individuals with ADHD (Aduen et al, 2019; Barkley & Cox, 2007; Curry et al, 2019; Fischer et al, 2007). There is now clear, converging evidence from multiple prospective studies with well-diagnosed adolescents with ADHD and comparison, non-ADHD adolescents, that adolescent drivers with ADHD have more negative driving outcomes (Aduen et al, 2019; Chang et al, 2014; Curry et al, 2019; Fischer et al, 2007; Garner, 2019; Narad et al, 2018). These driving impairments continue as adolescents move into young adulthood (Aduen et al, 2015; Merkel et al, 2016).…”

Section: Considerations In Adult Assessment Of Adhd Symptoms and Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Observational Study of the Morning and Evening Behavior of Individuals With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

et al. 2021

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As individuals with ADHD move to young adulthood, the morning and evening times become of increased importance. Sixty individuals were enrolled in a 14-day study (30 with ADHD and 30 did not have ADHD). Participants provided self-reports of ADHD symptoms and impairment using ecological momentary assessments administered each morning and each evening. Participants also identified a collateral who could provide daily ratings of the participant during the same time. Driving data were also passively collected. Results indicated differences in self and collateral ratings of ADHD symptoms and impairment, with greater symptom endorsement and reports of impairment for the individuals with ADHD. Self-report indicated greater endorsement in the evening, relative to the morning, for individuals with ADHD. Collateral report did not interact with time of day. Passive evaluation of driving performance was not significantly different. Results indicate young adult ADHD symptoms and impairment can be reliably assessed in the morning/evening. Public Health Significance Evidence of ADHD symptoms and impairments were documented in the morning and evening hours for individuals diagnosed with ADHD. These results illustrate additional areas in need of attention in the refinement of treatments for adults with ADHD.

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Expert Recommendations for Improving Driving Safety for Teens and Adult Drivers with ADHD

Cited by 11 publications

References 54 publications

Medication Use for ADHD and the Risk of Driving Citations and Crashes Among Teenage Drivers: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Medication Use for ADHD and the Risk of Driving Citations and Crashes Among Teenage Drivers: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Improving the efficacy and effectiveness of evidence-based psychosocial interventions for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents

An Observational Study of the Morning and Evening Behavior of Individuals With and Without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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