Expert knowledge, expert systems and commercial interests

Quantum-sapiens: the quantum bases for human expertise, knowledge, and problem-solving

“…Despite the promising nature of expert systems, many systems to date have either (1) never progressed beyond the prototype stage or (2) are neither widely nor routinely used in the purpose for which they were designed (Pollitzer & Jenkins, 1985). However, quantum computing allows us to rethink what we can learn from expert systems.…”

“…Naturally, for developers of expert systems (a member of the 'hard' AI class), the medical domain was an attractive field of practical application and several developed systems achieved measurable successes: MYCIN (Shortliffe, 1974), INTERNIST (Myers & Pople, 1977), PUFF (Kunz et al, 1978), and VM (Fagan, 1978), to name a few. The major breakthrough of these expert systems, particularly of MYCIN, was their representation of uncertainty in medical decision-making (Pollitzer & Jenkins, 1985) and their ability to somewhat mimic the processes used by medical professionals in dealing with this uncertainty. Concepts such as fuzzy logic, similar in some ways to quantum logic, yet less general in scope (Schmitt et al, 2009), have also proven effective in expert systems applications to overcome the incomplete and vague information often provided by patients (Prihatini & Putra, 2012).…”

Expert systems in production and operations management

“…ESs were first applied to medical diagnosis through the INTERNIST[8, 9, 10] project to perform a diagnosis of the majority of diseases associated with the field of internal medicine. The project was not only intended to diagnose each disease, but was also supposed to consider all the possible combinations of diseases that might be present in the patient.…”

“…The data are statistically analysed to guide modifications to the manufacturing process and to optimize the input or anticipate malfunctions. Another application of the ES to the POM area of quality control is the diagnostic expert final test (DEFT)[10]. This system was developed for diagnosing airflow problems on the IBM 3380 direct access storage devices.…”

Optimization of facility layout

“…Table 8. can solve these problems using a computer model with expert human reasoning, and it will reach the same conclusions that a human expert will reach for these problems (60). The basic structure of an expert system is provided in Figure 1.…”