Experiments on the nutrition of the dairy heifer

Broster, W. H.; Smith, Tim; Broster, Valerie J.; Siviter, J. W.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600055386

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Live-weight change increased with greater intakes of DDMI, the size of the response declining in mid and late lactation. This disagrees with the evidence of Broster et al (1969Broster et al ( , 1975 that the response in live-weight change increased as the lactation continued whereas that in milk yield declined. The explanation of this apparent anomaly must await further evidence on body composition for elucidation.…”

Section: Response To Ddmicontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…They made greater gains in the first lactation compared with H and M, such that mean post-calving live weights per treatment after the second parturition were similar. There was no correlation between initial live weight after first calving and gain during that lactation for individual animals, in agreement with the observation by Broster et al (1969Broster et al ( , 1975, see Broster& Broster (1984). From week 36 of the first lactation to second parturition the M animals made greater gsins than the AL group, with H and M intermediate (Table 23).…”

Section: Ags 104supporting

confidence: 90%

“…For the study of the results for the first experimental lactation the three parities were analysed separately initially. Treatment mean values followed a similar pattern from year to year and within parities data for animals on the same treatment have been combined on the basis of the absence of a treatment x year interaction (Broster, Broster & Smith, 1969). The data were subjected to analysis of variance with unequal numbers per cell (Snedecor & Cochran, 1967).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The influence of plane of nutrition and diet composition on the performance of dairy cows

Broster¹,

Sutton²,

Bines³

et al. 1985

J. Agric. Sci.

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Seventy-six first-calf cows (heifers), 32 second-calf cows and 39 adult cows participated in a trial in which three diets composed of 60:40, 75:25, 90:10 proportions of compound to hay (hay dry-matter digestibility 0-6) were given for the first 36 weeks of lactation in amounts to provide daily an estimated 125, 156 MJ and ad libitum digestible energy (DE) for heifers, and 156, 187 MJ and ad libitum DE for the other parities. The ad libitum intakes were 150 and 200 MJ DE daily for heifers and for older cows respectively.Greater compound content of the diet and larger daily allowance of DE were associated with increased occurrence of mastitis and lameness but not digestive upsets. Dry-matter (D.M.) digestibility was increased with a greater proportion of compound in the diet but was not affected by the amount consumed or stage of lactation.Milk yield and live-weight change were increased linearly and additively by a greater intake of digestible dry matter and by a greater proportion of compound in the diet, throughout the lactation save for no effect of diet composition on live-weight change in early lactation. On equal feed intakes older cows gave more milk and lost more live weight than heifers in early lactation but not thereafter; responses to additional feed were equal for all parities studied.Milk fat concentration was reduced both by increased allowance and by the high compound diet. Milk solids-not-fat (SNF) concentration was not affected by the treatments. Yield of milk fat was not affected by amount eaten and was reduced by the 90:10 diet. Yields of SNF and milk energy were increased by amount eaten and by increased compound in the diet.Thirty-two primiparous cows continued on their experimental treatments without interruption to the end of the second lactation. In the second lactation the effects on yields of milk, milk energy, and SNF were magnified indicating a cumulative effect from lactation to lactation. Little cumulative effect was observed on either milk fat yield, or concentrations of fat and SNF in milk. More generous feeding was associated with reduced milk output/unit D.M. consumed in the first but not the second lactation. More generous feeding improved live-weight change less in the second than in the first lactation. No cumulative effects over two lactations were observed consequent upon variation in diet composition. INTRODUCTIONt a^e ' s u s u a^y achieved by increments of compound feeds/day, which simultaneously alters the diet Financial and physical constraints frequently composition); secondly the influence of parity of limit the size and scope of nutritional research on cow on performance; and thirdly the significance dairy cows, in the present context with regard to of the full lactation rather than a portion thereof input-output relationships, specifically plane of as the production period studied. Additionally, the nutrition. In consequence a large number of key rationing of cows according to individual current questionsremainunanswered.Amongstthesemaybe performance is being challe...

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Section: Response To Ddmicontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Ags 104supporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The influence of plane of nutrition and diet composition on the performance of dairy cows

Broster¹,

Sutton²,

Bines³

et al. 1985

J. Agric. Sci.

Self Cite

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“…The lactation curve parameters were unaffected. Broster, Broster, Smith and Siviter (1975) have further strengthened this view in a series of feeding trials in which variations in the fundamental curve corresponded closely with changes in the experimental diet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Algebraic models of the lactation curves for milk, fat and protein production, with estimates of seasonal variation

Wood¹

1976

Anim. Sci.

111

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SummaryThe lactation curves of whole milk production and of compositional quality measures may be represented by one of a family of curveswhere the coefficients a, b and c define the curve of production of a character y at week n.An analysis of protein results from over 600 000 cows, and of fat results from nearly 3000 cows gave shape coefficients (b, c) for fat percentage (-0·1316, 0·0154) and for protein percentage (-0·1223, 0·0109) showing that the lowest percentage of each occurred during weeks 8 and 11 of lactation respectively.Seasonal variations were calculated to show an expected deficiency of 0·93% fat in the spring and 0·75% protein in winter, which could be attributed to environmental influences associated with varying feeding standards.

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“…Restricting energy intake of primiparous cows, whether intentional or not, might be detrimental to milk yield because these cows have requirements for growth in addition to pregnancy and lactation (NRC, 2001). Some studies that have focused on the effect of plane of nutrition on subsequent lactational performance in primiparous cows have indicated that a higher plane of nutrition prepartum may confer advantages over restriction of nutrients prepartum (Broster and Tuck, 1967;Park et al, 1987). In contrast, Lacasse et al (1993) found no advantage of overfeeding primiparous cows before their first lactation on milk yield or milk components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prepartum dietary management of energy intake affects postpartum intake and lactation performance by primiparous and multiparous Holstein cows

Janovick

Drackley

2010

Journal of Dairy Science

148

158

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An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of plane of energy intake prepartum on postpartum performance. Primiparous (n=24) and multiparous (n=23) Holsteins were randomly assigned by expected date of parturition to 1 of 3 prepartum energy intakes. A moderate energy diet [1.63 Mcal of net energy for lactation (NE(L))/kg; 15% crude protein (CP)] was fed for either ad libitum intake (OVR) or restricted intake (RES) to supply 150 or 80% of National Research Council (2001) energy requirement, respectively, for dry cows in late gestation. To limit energy intake to 100% of NRC requirement at ad libitum dry matter intake (DMI), chopped wheat straw was included as 31.8% of dry matter (DM) in a control diet (CON; 1.21 Mcal of NE(L)/kg of DM; 14% CP). Multiparous and primiparous cows assigned to OVR gained body condition during the dry period [initial body condition score (BCS)=3.3], but were not overconditioned by parturition (BCS=3.5). Multiparous cows in the OVR group lost more BCS postpartum than multiparous RES or CON cows. Primiparous cows lost similar amounts of BCS among dietary treatment groups postpartum. Addition of chopped wheat straw to CON diets prevented a large decrease in DMI prepartum in both primiparous and multiparous cows. During the first 3 wk postpartum, DMI as a percentage of BW was lower for multiparous OVR cows than for multiparous RES cows. Prepartum diet effects did not carry over through the entire 8-wk lactation period. Because of greater mobilization of body stores, OVR cows had greater milk fat percentage and greater 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield during the first 3 wk postpartum. Multiparous cows assigned to OVR experienced a 55% decrease in energy balance and primiparous cows a 40% decrease in energy balance during the last 3 wk before parturition, compared with CON or RES cows that had little change. Multiparous cows fed OVR had a greater contribution of energy from body energy reserves to milk energy output than either CON or RES cows. Overfeeding energy prepartum resulted in large changes in periparturient energy balance. Even in the absence of overconditioning, a large change in DMI and energy balance prepartum influenced postpartum DMI and BCS loss, especially for multiparous cows. Chopped wheat straw was effective at controlling energy intake prepartum, although primiparous cows did not achieve predicted DMI. Even so, controlling or restricting energy intake in primiparous cows was not detrimental to lactational performance over the first 8 wk of lactation.

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Experiments on the nutrition of the dairy heifer

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

The influence of plane of nutrition and diet composition on the performance of dairy cows

The influence of plane of nutrition and diet composition on the performance of dairy cows

Algebraic models of the lactation curves for milk, fat and protein production, with estimates of seasonal variation

Prepartum dietary management of energy intake affects postpartum intake and lactation performance by primiparous and multiparous Holstein cows

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