Experiments of Accuracy Air Ion Field Measurement

Bartušek, K.; Fiala, Pavel; Jirku, Tomas; Kroutilova, Eva

doi:10.2529/piers070418103753

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Gerdien Tube method. 23 of the ethylene glycol segment, at 1245 cm À1 to the C-O bond stretching vibration in the ester groups, at 1100 cm À1 to the stretching of the ester C-O-C bond, at 1020 cm À1 to in-plane bending of the C-H bond in the aromatic ring, and at 730 cm À1 to out-of-plane bending of the C-H bond in the aromatic ring.…”

Section: Ftir Analysis Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentration of negative air ions emitted from PET and PET/TM nanofibrous mats were determined by using the Air Ion Counter Detector (AlphaLab, Inc.) based on the Gerdien Tube, as described by Bartusek et al 23 The detector (Figure 1) measures ion density as the number of ions per cubic centimeter in air up to 2 million ions/cc. An electric field occurs between the outer electrode (S 1 ) and the inner electrode (S 2 ) by means of a voltage source (U).…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production and characterization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanofibrous mat including tourmaline additive

Şafak

Karaca

2016

Textile Research Journal

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Tourmaline nano powder was used for the first time in the production of poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanofibers. The polymer chips of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) containing 3 wt% tourmaline powder were obtained. The electrospun nanofibrous mats were produced from both of the polymer solutions prepared by using the polymer chips. The nanofibrous mats were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersion spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In order to investigate the effect of tourmaline additive in the poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanofibrous mat, water contact angle, electrical conductivity and negative ion releasing measurements were performed on the mats. The incorporation of tourmaline in the nanofibers improved the wettability, electricity transmission and anion emitting property of the poly(ethylene terephthalate) mat. Keywords poly(ethylene terephthalate), tourmaline, nanofibrous mat, characterizationPolyester fiber based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) has a wide usage in the textile industry due to its good mechanical properties, low density and chemical resistance. On the other hand, polyester fibers have hydrophobic character due to the lack of polar groups. The hydrophobic nature of fibers causes some disadvantages, such as low moisture regain, high electrostatic behavior, pilling and soiling properties. In order to improve physical, chemical and performance properties of polyester fibers, various modification methods have been performed, such as blending with different additives or polymers and changing the cross-sectional shape. 1-4 In recent years, polyester composite fibers/ nanofibers, including inorganic nanoparticles such as iron, 5 titanium dioxide, 6 montmorillonite, 7 calcium silicate, 8 magnesium hydroxide, 9 silica 10 and perlite, 11 have attracted many researchers' attention for their potential applications in electronic devices, sensors, filters and medical products.Electrospinning is an effective method for the production of nanofibrous mats. The nanofibrous mats have a nanoporous structure, light weight and very high specific surface area, which are also attractive to many potential applications such as in filtration, protective clothing and biomedical engineering. 12,13 Tourmaline (TM) is a natural boron silicate mineral. The general formula of TM is accepted as XY 3 Z 6 (BO 3 ) 3 Si 6 O 18 V 3 W. In this formula, X (Na, Ca, K, vacancy), Y (Li, Mg, Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ , Mn 2+ , Al, Ti 4+ , Cr 3+ ,V 3+ , Zn, vacancy) and Z (Al, Mg, Fe 3+ , Cr 3+ , V 3+ ) sites are cationic elements, and V (OH, O) and W (OH, F, O) sites are anionic elements. 13-15 TM is a polar crystalline material and exhibits spontaneous surface electric fields especially in small granules. 13,16 TM crystals show pyroelectric and piezoelectric characteristics when temperature or pressure conditions change. A TM crystal maintains a pair of electrodes with no supply of external electric energy and can be recognized

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Section: Ftir Analysis Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and characterization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanofibrous mat including tourmaline additive

Şafak

Karaca

2016

Textile Research Journal

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“…The approach to measuring the concentration of air ions [32] in respiratory therapy caves differs substantially from those applied in measurements at regular surface levels. The methods and methodologies used to date have exhibited technical shortcomings in the area of assessing the concentration of ions in spaces with high air humidity rates [73,74]. One of such shortcomings is the instability of the measured quantity due to the connection of the sensor in the tested part of the cave.…”

Section: Methodology For Measuring the Concentration Of Air Ions In Cavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The air flows embody a substantial influence on the concentration of light negative ions, and their measurement therefore enables us to indirectly determine the possible patterns of air exchange within the cave. An accurate scheme to assess the rock radioactivity and air distribution in the examined subterranean spaces is nevertheless still lacking, despite the efforts of several research teams and the partial results obtained thus far; the approach to correct this deficiency could then consist in measuring the concentration of light negative ions on a direct basis, establishing the correlation with the ambient temperature, pressure, moisture, and the number of patients being treated [73].…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Parameters of a Systematic Long-Term Measurement of the Concentration and Mobility of Air Ions in the Environment inside Císařská Cave

et al. 2021

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Determining the concentration and mobility of light air ions is an indispensable task to ensure the successful performance and progress of various operations within multiple fields and branches of human activity. This article discusses a novel methodology for measuring air ions in an environment with high relative humidity, such as that of a cave. Compared to common techniques, the proposed method exhibits a lower standard deviation and analyses the causes of spurious oscillations in the measured patterns obtained from FEM-based numerical simulations on the one hand and a model with concentrated parameters on the other. The designed ion meter utilises a gerdien tube to facilitate long-term measurement in cold and very humid spaces, an operation that can be very problematic if executed with other devices. Importantly, the applied procedure for calculating the mobility spectra of air ions from the acquired saturation characteristics is insensitive to fluctuations and noises in the measured patterns, and it also enables us to confirm the presence of very mobile air ions generated by fragmenting water droplets. During the sensing cycles, the concentration of light negative ions was influenced by the active gerdien tube. For the investigated cave, we had designed a measuring sequence to cover not only the time dependence of the concentration of light negative ions but also their mobility; this approach then allowed monitoring the corresponding impact of the patients’ presence in the cave, an effect neither described nor resolved thus far. Such comprehensive research, especially due to its specific character, has not been frequently conducted or widely discussed in the literature; the efforts characterised herein have therefore expanded the relevant knowledge and methodology, thus contributing towards further advancement in the field.

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“…To assess the behaviour of air ions during their passage through GT, a simulation of electric field distribution inside and outside GT was conducted using the finite element method (FEM) [30]- [32]. The field must not markedly influence electric potential in the space being measured.…”

Section: Electric Field Distribution In Gtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Light Air Ions in a Speleotherapeutic Cave

Roubal

Bartušek

Szabó

et al. 2017

Measurement Science Review

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The paper deals with a methodology proposed for measuring the concentration of air ions in the environment of speleotherapeutic caves, and with the implementation of the AK-UTEE-v2 ionmeter. Speleotherapy, in the context of its general definition, is the medical therapy that utilizes the climate of selected caves to treat patients with health problems such as asthma. These spaces are characterized by the presence of high air humidity and they make extreme demands on the execution of the measuring device, the Gerdien tube (GT in the following) in particular, and on the amplifier electronics. The result is an automated measuring system using a GT with low-volume air flow, enabling long-term measuring of air ion concentration and determination of spectral ion characteristics. Interesting from the instrumentation viewpoint are the GT design, active shielding, and execution of the electrometric amplifier. A specific method for the calculation of spectral ion characteristics and the mode of automatic calibration were proposed and a procedure of automatic measurement in the absence of attendants was set up. The measuring system is designed for studying and long-term monitoring of the concentration of light negative ions in dependence on climatic conditions and on the mobility of ions occurring in the cave.

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Experiments of Accuracy Air Ion Field Measurement

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Production and characterization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanofibrous mat including tourmaline additive

Production and characterization of poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanofibrous mat including tourmaline additive

Evaluating the Parameters of a Systematic Long-Term Measurement of the Concentration and Mobility of Air Ions in the Environment inside Císařská Cave

Measuring Light Air Ions in a Speleotherapeutic Cave

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