Experimental wavelength-space division multiplexing of quantum key distribution with classical optical communication over multicore fiber

Cai, Chun; Sun, Youxian; Zhang, Yongrui; Zhang, Peng; Niu, Jianing; Ji, Yuefeng

doi:10.1364/oe.27.005125

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Recently, improved classical channel data rates has been achieved over a 7-core fibre while simultaneously allocating the center core to a QKD channel [95]. Other works have also studied the use of a dedicated side-core for QKD while having neighbouring cores filled with classical data [96], the inter-core crosstalk produced from classical channels on MCFs affecting continuous variable (CV) QKD systems [97] and performed detailed modelling on SDM-QKD integration [98]. Finally, a major increase in key generation rate has been achieved by sending out parallel keys over 37 cores of a MCF, while also propagating a 10Gbit/s data stream within each core, wavelength-multiplexed with the QKD channel [99].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum information processing with space-division multiplexing optical fibres

2020

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The optical fibre is an essential tool for our communication infrastructure since it is the main transmission channel for optical communications. The latest major advance in optical fibre technology is spatial division multiplexing (SDM), where new fibre designs and components establish multiple co-existing data channels based on light propagation over distinct transverse optical modes. Simultaneously, there have been many recent developments in the field of quantum information processing (QIP), with novel protocols and devices in areas such as computing, communication and metrology. Here, we review recent works implementing QIP protocols with SDM optical fibres, and discuss new possibilities for manipulating quantum systems based on this technology.Quantum information processing (QIP) is a field that has seen tremendous growth over the many years since Richard Feynman's seminal talk on the use of quantum computers to simulate physical systems [1]. When information bits are encoded on individual or entangled quantum states, a gain over traditional systems can be seen for some information processing tasks. A famous example is the well-known Shor's algorithm for prime number factorisation running on a quantum computer, where an impressive reduction in resources is obtained when compared to classical algorithms [2]. Another major application of QIP is in communication security, where the fact that unknown quantum states cannot be faithfully cloned [3] is exploited to detect the presence of an eavesdropper. This concept was used as the core foundation behind quantum key distribution (QKD), a communication protocol designed to distribute random private keys among remote parties [4,5]. As the first application to showcase in practice the benefits of QIP, QKD has experienced huge development ever since [6][7][8]. QKD is part of a more general family of protocols called quantum communications (QC), which includes other schemes such as quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping [9], aiming to be the communication backbone supporting future networks of quantum computers [10].During the last decades a number of technological features were developed by the telecommunication community in order to support the continuous increase in demand for more transmission bandwidth over a communication channel. These developments have been motivated by several applications that have cropped up along the years, from the internet to social networking and high-quality on-demand video streaming. Arguably the optical fibre has played a major role in the success of the telecommunication infrastructure, mainly due to its high transparency and highbandwidth support [11]. Technologies such as wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) [12], and the erbium doped fibre amplifier (EDFA) [13,14] have been major catalysts to the extremely high capacities and ultra-long transmission distances available today. The latest technological drive towards maintaining the bandwidth growth is called spatial division multiplexing (SDM), and it consists of employi...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum information processing with space-division multiplexing optical fibres

2020

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“…2a) and for the case of counter-propagation, the XT levels of core 4 vary from -66 dBm to -60 dBm (dashed ellipse, Fig. 2a), being evident that the effect of XT due to counter-propagation is lower compared to the one due to co-propagation, as described in [32], [38].…”

Section: Mcf Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…For instance, in [31] the coexistence of QC and CC was demonstrated over a 7-core MCF with 2x10 Gb/s CCs and 0 dBm of launching power. In [32] the co-existence of QCs and CCs is presented in which the CCs were emulated by a continuous-wave (CW) and launching powers of +12 dBm. In [33], 6x112 Gb/s PAM signals were used as CCs and singlephoton detection was used to verify the feasibility of coexistence of QCs and CCs.…”

Section: Literature Review On Coexistence Of Quantum and Classical Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

11.2 Tb/s Classical Channel Coexistence With DV-QKD Over a 7-Core Multicore Fiber

Hugues-Salas

Alia

Wang

et al. 2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

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The feasibility of transmitting discrete-variable quantum key distribution channels with carrier-grade classical optical channels over multicore fibers is experimentally explored in terms of achievable quantum bit error rates, secret key rates as well as classical signal bit error rates. A coexistence transmission record of 11.2 Tb/s is achieved for the classical channels simultaneously with a DV-QKD channel over a 1 km-long 7-core multicore fiber. Coexistence over the same multicore fiber core is identified as a dominant factor for the performance of the quantum channel requiring optical bandpass filtering of 17nm for the quantum channel to avoid the effect of Raman noise. Also, counter-propagation of classical channels and quantum channels probe more tolerance to noise proliferation than co-propagation. In addition, the performance of the quantum channel is maintained when more than three cores are used for the classical channels. Furthermore, by adding a second DV-QKD channel in the multicore fiber, the simultaneous transmission of classical channels as well as the generation of quantum-secured keys of two QKD channels is achieved with an operational range of 10dB of launched power into the MCF.

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“…Therefore, some optical communication discussions have been initiated to solve the bandwidth and latency problems faced by future 5G networks. Solutions that have been proposed include a dense wavelength-division-multiplexed passive optical network [14], orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [15,16], and space division multiplexing [17]. Future 5G optical network operators should work toward establishing the large bandwidth and low latency required for the efficient transmission of user data.…”

Section: Development Of 5g Optical Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Key Technologies and Development Trends of 5G Optical Networks

Chang

2019

Applied Sciences

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With the development of 5G, 5G optical networks have gradually received increasing attention from scholars. However, most studies have focused on discussing the technical or market aspect. Furthermore, their findings have not provided a panorama of the technologies in the 5G domain, nor have they provided a detailed understanding of the key technologies and development trends. An optical network is an indispensable type of infrastructure for the development of 5G. Therefore, defining key technologies in this domain is particularly crucial. The present study used patents for 5G optical networks as the basis of its analysis and constructed a technology network using a network analysis method. Research results indicated that the key technologies provided by 5G optical networks include wireless communication network facilities and local resource management (H04W88 and H04W72), selection arrangements for multiplex systems (H04Q11), and arrangements enabling multiple uses of the transmission path (H04L5). The maturation of optical component technology has paved the way for multiplex communication system technology to flourish and made it one of the key technologies in the development of 5G. Additionally, an analysis of top patentees revealed that information technology companies are the main force in developing 5G optical network technologies. Thus, driven by the market, 5G optical communication has become the technical focus of the private sector. In this study, the researchers constructed a technology network model to explore the technology development trends, and the results may serve as a reference for the government in observing emerging technologies.

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Experimental wavelength-space division multiplexing of quantum key distribution with classical optical communication over multicore fiber

Cited by 32 publications

References 34 publications

Quantum information processing with space-division multiplexing optical fibres

Quantum information processing with space-division multiplexing optical fibres

11.2 Tb/s Classical Channel Coexistence With DV-QKD Over a 7-Core Multicore Fiber

Key Technologies and Development Trends of 5G Optical Networks

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