Experimental Verification of Caustic‐Side Solvent Extraction for Removal of Cesium from Tank Waste

Leonard, R. A.; Aase, S. B.; Arafat, Hassan A.; Conner, C.; Chamberlain, David B.; Falkenberg, J. R.; Regalbuto, M. C.; Vandegrift, George F.

doi:10.1081/sei-120022518

Cited by 30 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The process as currently practiced has been optimized [2][3][4][5][6] and demonstrated [7][8][9] for removal of cesium from salt waste at the Savannah River Site (SRS). To meet the needs of the SRS Salt Waste Processing Facility (SWPF) [10], the CSSX process has been designed and demonstrated to remove cesium with a decontamination factor (DF) in excess of 40,000, concentrating it by a factor (CF) of 15 in a stream of 1 mM HNO 3 suitable for vitrification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cesium distribution ratios (D Cs = [Cs] org /[Cs] aq ) for extraction of the specified feed compositions by the CSSX solvent were to be either calculated using an existing thermodynamic model, provided it was found to be suitably parameterized, or determined experimentally for selected feeds. Assuming a target cesium decontamination factor (DF) of 5000 and a concentration factor (CF) in the range [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], the values of D Cs corresponding to each feed are needed to calculate a flowsheet specifying the minimum number of centrifugal-contactor stages and phase flow rates needed to meet the process targets. Based on the physical properties of the phases, the contactor sizes that would furnish a throughput of 20.8 L/min.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Caustic-Side Solvent-Extraction Modeling for Hanford Interim Pretreatment System

Moyer¹,

Jr²,

Delmau³

et al. 2008

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caustic-Side Solvent-Extraction Modeling for Hanford Interim Pretreatment System

Moyer¹,

Jr²,

Delmau³

et al. 2008

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“…As is the case with nearly all industrial applications of solvent extraction, the CSSX process is implemented in a counter-current flow configuration; that is, the organic solvent phase moves in a direction opposite to the aqueous phases. Figure 9 shows a sample CSSX flowsheet (Leonard et al 2003).…”

Section: Solvent Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Liquid Waste Pretreatment Technologies in Solving the Doe Clean-Up Mission

Wilmarth¹,

Bush²

2008

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“…The CSSX process contains no less than 30 stages, sequentially 1 wash, 15 for extraction, 2 scrub, and 15 for stripping [52] . Originally, the organic phase has been constituted by three organic compounds, with a specific work to do, dissolved in Isopar L (aliphatic diluent): the extractant, actually calix [4]arene-bis-(tert-octylbenzo-crown-6) (BOBCalixC6), a modifier 1-(2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropoxy)-3-(4-sec-butylphenoxy)-2-propanol (Cs-7SB) and finally a small amount of trioctylamine (TOA).…”

Section: Trends In Caesium Solvent Extraction-case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in metals extraction

Regel‐Rosocka¹

2013

REVMETAL

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After near 70 years of practical usage, solvent extraction is a perfectly mastered technique of separation, widely used on an industrial scale for the separation of metals mainly from raw materials. However, currently, in the era of depleting natural resources and increasingly less accessible deposits, environmental restrictions, etc., an increasing interest, both from social and economical constrains, is being directed at the extraction of metals from the secondary sources (such as batteries, electronic scrap). In many cases, solvent extraction, due to its operational characteristics, can be considered as the Best Available Technology for the purpose of separating multielemental metal solutions. This paper provides a brief overview of past achievements and present scenario of solvent extraction investigations and developments, describing some recently commissioned solvent extraction plants, whereas the Skorpion Zinc plant (Namibia) for zinc extraction from raw materials and caesium removal from radioactive High Level Wastes (HLWs) are told over in detail as case studies. The paper also presents some proposals for the use of liquid-liquid extraction to separate metal ions from secondary sources (e.g. cobalt from industrial waste streams). The review highlights the emerging use of ionic liquids as new extractants for metals, providing an insight into this exciting research field. Despite its detractors, solvent extraction has entered in force into XXI century as a leading separation technology for metals. KeywordsLiquid-liquid extraction; Metals; Extractants; Ionic liquids; Caesium. Tendencias recientes en la extracción de metales ResumenDespués de casi 70 años de uso práctico, la extracción líquido-líquido o extracción con disolventes es una técnica de separación muy evolucionada, utilizándose a escala industrial en el beneficio de metales obtenidos de diversas materias primas. Sin embargo, con el agotamiento de los recursos naturales y el aumento de depósitos minerales de más difícil acceso, restricciones medio ambientales, etc., ha aumentado el interés, tanto desde el punto de vista económico como social, en la recuperación de los metales contenidos en materiales secundarios (baterías, chatarras electrónicas). En muchos casos, la extracción líquido-líquido y debido a sus características operacionales, se considera como la mejor tecnología disponible respecto a la separación de disoluciones metálicas multielementales. Este trabajo considera algunos de estos anteriores estudios y presenta la situación actual de la tecnología en cuanto a investigaciones y desarrollos, describiendo algunas de las más recientes plantas industriales en funcionamiento, detallando la planta Skorpion (Namibia) para la obtención de zinc, así como investigaciones encaminadas a la eliminación de cesio de efluentes radioactivos. También se presentan algunas de las propuestas encaminadas a la separación-recuperación de metales de materiales secundarios (por ejemplo, cobalto). Por último, se describe el uso emergente de los iones líq...

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Experimental Verification of Caustic‐Side Solvent Extraction for Removal of Cesium from Tank Waste

Cited by 30 publications

References 17 publications

Caustic-Side Solvent-Extraction Modeling for Hanford Interim Pretreatment System

Caustic-Side Solvent-Extraction Modeling for Hanford Interim Pretreatment System

The Role of Liquid Waste Pretreatment Technologies in Solving the Doe Clean-Up Mission

Recent trends in metals extraction

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