Experimental Validation of Three-Dimension Multiconductor Cell Analysis by a 30 km Submarine Three-Core Armoured Cable

Benato, Roberto; Sessa, Sebastian Dambone; Forzan, Michele

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2018.2840221

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the near future, a measurement campaign is foreseen in a long overhead line with unearthed neutral located in a mountainous territory: only at that time, the presented algorithms will be validated. Moreover, the authors are investigating the applicability of these techniques to AC and DC cables [35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming the Limits of the Charge Transient Fault Location Algorithm by the Artificial Neural Network

2019

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In this paper, two algorithms for single-ended fault location are presented with reference to the unearthed sub-transmission Italian grid (with a voltage level of 60 kV). Both algorithms deal with the correlation between the ground capacitance charging frequency of sound phases and the fault position. In the former, the frequency response of a lumped parameter circuit in the Laplace domain is linked to the fault distance. With such a simplified lumped parameter circuit, the average error in locating a phase-to-ground (PtG) short circuit is 5.18% (total overhead line length equal to 60 km). Since this error is too high, another approach is presented. In this second algorithm, the frequency spectra of the transient current waveforms are used as a database for the training of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). With this approach, the average error decreases significantly up to 0.36%. The fault location accuracies of the two proposed methods are compared in order to reveal their strengths and weaknesses. The developed procedures are applied to a single-circuit overhead line and to a double-circuit one, both modelled in the EMTP-rv environment, whereas the fault location algorithms are implemented in the MATLAB environment (for the ANN-based algorithm, the Deep Learning toolbox is used).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming the Limits of the Charge Transient Fault Location Algorithm by the Artificial Neural Network

2019

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“…Simulation of electric, magnetic and thermal fields in submarine cables play an important role in the thermal-electric degradation characteristics. Recently, a new method of multiconductor cell analysis was proposed and applied to a threecore submarine armoured cable, which can calculate the cable impedance, power loss and current density [89,90]. It can significantly reduce the central processing unit (CPU) times compared with a commercial FEM software, such as FLUX 3D [89].…”

Section: Electric-thermal Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Failure of submarine cables used in high‐voltage power transmission: Characteristics, mechanisms, key issues and prospects

Wang

Yan

et al. 2021

IET Generation Trans & Dist

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This study reviews the failure of high-voltage submarine cables used in offshore power transmission and provides highlights of their failure characteristic, mechanisms, key issues and prospects. High-voltage submarine cables are designed and applied according to the high-voltage alternating current and high-voltage direct current requirements. Inevitably, the fault occurs in HV submarine cables that is different from that of an underground cable. External aggression remains the primary cause of faults, such as fishing and anchors. Most faults continue to occur at a shallow depth (300 m). The optical fiber inside the submarine cables plays a substantial role in the temperature and stress-strain monitoring and diagnosis. However, it is regarded as a weak point for electrical fault. Insulation breakdown is the leading reason for the short fault. The failure mechanism is complicated when associated with marine conditions. Some defects of insulation and extensive voids, water treeing, mechanical stress, partial discharges, overheating, and electrochemical erosion contribute to the insulation breakdown. Several key issues, including anchoring damage, treeing, defects, and thermal-electric ageing, are proposed. Prospects and new methods related to the cable failure, especially for insulation ageing by treeing and electrothermal effects, are also discussed. INTRODUCTIONSubmarine cables are widely used for new energy power systems in marine environments, such as offshore wind, wave, and solar power transmission applications, and as a power supply to remote areas [1-2]. High-voltage alternating current (HVAC) and high-voltage direct current (HVDC) are the main types of power transmissions by submarine cables [1,3]. Currently, submarine cables with long distances and high voltage carry high electric power between countries and offshore installations, such as oil/gas platforms and offshore wind farms [4][5][6]. Three-core submarine cable or three single submarine cables are employed for HVAC transmission. HVAC technology is simple and has high availability, but it lacks power control and requires reactive compensation [3,7]. Besides, it has a limited distance for high power transmission with high effi-This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…Heat sources used in the thermal models are taken from the IEC standard [13]. It is acknowledged that present research is providing recommendations for altering these losses [14,15].…”

Section: Thermal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Computational Cost Model for Convective Heat Transfer From Submarine Cables

George

Ellis

Goddard

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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The ampacity of submarine cable circuits is strongly influenced by heat transfer in the marine environment surrounding the cable. It has been demonstrated in previous work that for high permeability sediments convective heat transfer can play a significant role using both bespoke two dimensional models and experimental investigations [1,2]. This paper introduces a one dimensional model which is capable of calculating cable temperatures within both convective and conductive sediments. Agreement between the one dimensional model and a two dimensional simulation was found to be within 1.5°C. The model is used to demonstrate that the ampacity of power cables may be significantly increased due to convective heat transfer. Further, the one dimensional model offers significant savings in computational time and cost compared to the two dimensional equivalent model. This allows the analysis of large DTS data sets in order to calculate: dynamic ratings; burial depths; and the long-term (annual to decadal) performance of the cable.

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Experimental Validation of Three-Dimension Multiconductor Cell Analysis by a 30 km Submarine Three-Core Armoured Cable

Cited by 18 publications

References 27 publications

Overcoming the Limits of the Charge Transient Fault Location Algorithm by the Artificial Neural Network

Overcoming the Limits of the Charge Transient Fault Location Algorithm by the Artificial Neural Network

Failure of submarine cables used in high‐voltage power transmission: Characteristics, mechanisms, key issues and prospects

Low Computational Cost Model for Convective Heat Transfer From Submarine Cables

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