Experimental transmission of Cystoisospora felis-like coccidium from bobcat (Lynx rufus) to the domestic cat (Felis catus)

Dubey, J. P.; Houk, Alice E.; Verma, Shiv Kumar; Calero‐Bernal, Rafael; Humphreys, J. G.; Lindsay, David S.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.03.027

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The other two isolates from stray cats showed a 99.43-99.62% homology with those isolated from cats in China (Li et al, 2021). In addition, all 14 Cystoisospora felis isolates in this study showed 99.68-100% homology with those from cats in the United States (Dubey et al, 2015). As exchanges between countries and civilian travel have become more active, the possibility of protozoa parasitic infection through contact with infected or contaminated humans, animals, water, food, and the environment in other countries has continuously increased (Certad et al, 2017;Kostopoulou et al, 2017).…”

Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 47%

The detection and phylogenetic characterization of Cryptosporidium, Cystoisospora, and Giardia duodenalis of cats in South Korea

Yun,

Moon,

Lee

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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IntroductionCryptosporidium, Cystoisospora, and Giardia duodenalis are gastrointestinal protozoa parasites that cause diarrhea in various animals. However, information regarding the detection and phylogenetic characterization of gastrointestinal protozoa parasites in cats is limited throughout South Korea. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the detection and identify subspecies of gastrointestinal protozoa parasites in cats from South Korea. MethodsA total of 290 fecal samples were collected from stray, companion, and shelter cats in six provinces. Cryptosporidium, Cystoisospora, and G. duodenalis were identified by PCR. All positive samples were subtyped by PCR and sequencing of gp60, ITS-1, tpi, bg, and gdh. ResultsThe overall detection of gastrointestinal protozoan parasitic infection was 17.93%. G. duodenalis was the most prevalent, with 7.93%, followed by Cystoisospora spp. (7.24%) and Cryptosporidium spp. (4.48%). In addition, C. felis (n=10), C. parvum (n=2), C. ryanae (n=1), Cystoisospora felis (n=14), Cystoisospora suis (n=5), Cystoisospora ohioensis (n=1), Cystoisospora spp. were identified in subspecies analysis of positive samples. C. felis showed a significant association with diarrhea (7.81%) and living condition (6.04%), and Cystoisospora felis in diarreha (9.38%) according to detection. Through phylogenetic analysis of the tpi, bg, and gdh genes from 23 G. duodenalispositive samples, it was confirmed that the samples of present study belonged to assemblage A, B, C, and D. DiscussionSouth Korean cats have a high rate of gastrointestinal protozoan parasites infection with cat-specific Cryptosporidium and Cystoisospora, which are associated with living conditions and diarrhea symptoms. Moreover, zoonotic and other animal-specific subtype of protozoan parasites have been detected in cat feces.

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Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 47%

The detection and phylogenetic characterization of Cryptosporidium, Cystoisospora, and Giardia duodenalis of cats in South Korea

Yun,

Moon,

Lee

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…In one of the samples analysed here, the presence of C. felis DNA was confirmed by cloning and sequencing. Recently it was shown that C. felis oocysts obtained from closely related bobcats (Lynx rufus) in North America, can also infect domestic cats via consumption of experimentally infected mice [53]. Therefore, transmission of feline Cystoisospora species between free-ranging Eurasian lynxes and wild cat (F. silvestris silvestris) populations might also be possible to occur in the HM, but this assumption needs further clarification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into Gastrointestinal and Pulmonary Parasitofauna of Wild Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in the Harz Mountains of Germany

et al. 2021

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The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) represents an endangered wild felid species. In Germany, it currently occurs in three isolated populations in and around the Harz Mountains, the Palatinate Forest and the Bavarian Forest. Lynx parasitic infections affect animal health and might have an influence on population performance. Therefore, we investigated the protozoan and helminth fauna of free-ranging Eurasian lynx of the Harz population with emphasis on zoonotic parasites. Individual scat samples (n = 24) were collected from wild animals between 2019 and 2021 in the Harz National Park and surrounding areas. In total, 15 taxa of endoparasites were detected, including seven nematodes (i.e., Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Angiostrongylus spp., Uncinaria stenocephala, Toxascaris leonina, Toxocara cati, Cylicospirura spp. and Capillaria spp.), one cestode (Diphyllobothriidae) and one trematode (Heterophylidae) as well as six protozoans (i.e., Cystoisospora rivolta, Cystoisospora felis, Toxoplasma gondii/Hammondia spp., Sarcocystis spp., Giardia intestinalis and Cryptosporidium spp.). Moreover, first-stage larvae (L1) of spurious lungworm, Protostrongylus pulmonalis, originating from lagomorph preys were identified. This work represents the first report on patent A. abstrusus and Angiostrongylus spp. infections in wild German Eurasian lynxes. Some of the identified parasites represent relevant pathogens for lynxes, circulating between these carnivorous definitive hosts and a variety of mammalian and invertebrate intermediate hosts, e.g., Sarcocystis spp., T. gondii/Hammondia spp., T. cati, T. leonina, A. abstrusus and Angiostrongylus spp., while others are considered exclusively pathogenic for wild felids (e.g., Cylicospirura spp., C. rivolta, C. felis). This study provides insights in the occurrence of zooanthroponotically relevant metazoan (i.e., T. cati and U. stenocephala) and protozoan (i.e., G. intestinalis) species in free-ranging lynx. The present work should be considered as a baseline study for future monitoring surveys on endoparasites circulating in wild Eurasian lynx for appropriate management practices in lynx conservation strategies in Europe.

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“…Feline C. rivolta oocysts are commonly found in domestic cats worldwide; however, structurally similar oocysts have also been reported from carnivores belonging to the family Felidae; i.e., cheetahs ( Acinonyx jubatus ), jungle cats ( F. chaus ), European wildcats ( F. silvestris ), clouded leopards ( Neofelis nebulosi ), leopards ( Panthera pardus ), lions ( Panthera leo ), tigers ( Panthera tigris ), and leopard cats ( Prionalilurus bengalensis ) ( Yakimoff et al, 1933 ; Penzhorn et al, 1994 ; Bjork et al, 2000 ). Recently, Dubey et al (2015) reported transmission of C. felis- like organisms collected from the bobcat ( Lynx rufus ), a small wildcat found in North America, to domestic cats by feeding of monozoic cysts in mouse tissues. These studies suggested that feline Cystoisospora are family and not genus specific.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and molecular characterization of Cystoisospora sp. from Asian small-clawed otters Aonyx cinereus

Tokiwa

Ohnuki

Kubota

et al. 2018

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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In this study, we provide the first description of Cystoisospora infection in Asian small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus). In July 2017, three juvenile otters recently imported from the Republic of Indonesia showed severe diarrhea and were diagnosed with coccidial infection; two of them eventually died. Fecal examination revealed the presence of numerous oocysts. Sporulated oocysts showed typical Cystoisospora features, measuring 24.6 ± 1.6 (22.0–27.0) × 21.8 ± 1.4 (19.0–25.0) μm, with an oocyst length/width ratio of 1.1 ± 0.1 (1.0–1.3). Each sporocyst contained four sporozoites in a head-to-tail arrangement. The Stieda body was absent, and the sporocyst residuum was present. These morphological characteristics differentiated this species from the other valid Cystoisospora species described from mustelids. Molecular analysis was conducted at two loci: the nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I genes. The 18S sequence showed high similarity with canine Cystoisispora ohioensis (1-bp difference, 1422/1423 [99.9%]). At the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene locus, the sequence from otters was identical to that of feline Cystoisospora rivolta (847/847 [100%]). Phylogenetic analyses using concatenated data demonstrated that Cystoisospora sp. from otters and C. rivolta grouped together in the same Cystoisospora clade. Based on these data, we concluded that Cystoisospora sp. detected from otters appeared to be highly similar to C. rivolta.

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Experimental transmission of Cystoisospora felis-like coccidium from bobcat (Lynx rufus) to the domestic cat (Felis catus)

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

The detection and phylogenetic characterization of Cryptosporidium, Cystoisospora, and Giardia duodenalis of cats in South Korea

The detection and phylogenetic characterization of Cryptosporidium, Cystoisospora, and Giardia duodenalis of cats in South Korea

New Insights into Gastrointestinal and Pulmonary Parasitofauna of Wild Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) in the Harz Mountains of Germany

Morphological and molecular characterization of Cystoisospora sp. from Asian small-clawed otters Aonyx cinereus

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