Abstract:Abstract:The effect of the discharge pressure on the performance of the trans-critical CO 2 heat pump with a low gas-cooler outlet temperature is experimentally investigated on a test rig of water source heat-pump water heater. The optimal discharge pressure of the trans-critical CO 2 heat pump is investigated under different external operation conditions. When the tap-water temperature is low, the characteristic of the S-shape isotherm at the supercritical region has little effect on the occurrence of the opt… Show more
“…A multifunctional heat pump system was designed to be practical and to provide significant energy savings in building heating and hot water supply [24]. The study of a water source heat pump system showed that tap water flowrate has a negligible influence on the maximum heating capacity, while the higher water-source temperature can greatly increase the heating capacity [25]. Evan et al [26] presented a hybrid heat pump water heater (HPWH) using renewable energy and an instantaneous shower power supply control.…”
A household dual source heat pump water heater is proposed to utilize the energy of wastewater and air heat in a bathroom. The heat pump system integrates a wastewater source heat pump (WSHP), air source heat pump (ASHP), and a preheater. This aims at energy saving through recovering the heat of wastewater and ventilation air during the bathing process. The experiment was conducted to verify the feasibility of a dual heat source heat pump water heater system in a bath unit. It is found that the system can achieve an average coefficient of performance (COP) of 4.80 and 4.38 with and without preheater, respectively. At a bath water temperature of 40 °C, a flow rate of 6 L/min, and a room temperature of 26.5 °C, the COP of system can reach 6.08, which shows a significantly promising method for energy saving in-house.
“…A multifunctional heat pump system was designed to be practical and to provide significant energy savings in building heating and hot water supply [24]. The study of a water source heat pump system showed that tap water flowrate has a negligible influence on the maximum heating capacity, while the higher water-source temperature can greatly increase the heating capacity [25]. Evan et al [26] presented a hybrid heat pump water heater (HPWH) using renewable energy and an instantaneous shower power supply control.…”
A household dual source heat pump water heater is proposed to utilize the energy of wastewater and air heat in a bathroom. The heat pump system integrates a wastewater source heat pump (WSHP), air source heat pump (ASHP), and a preheater. This aims at energy saving through recovering the heat of wastewater and ventilation air during the bathing process. The experiment was conducted to verify the feasibility of a dual heat source heat pump water heater system in a bath unit. It is found that the system can achieve an average coefficient of performance (COP) of 4.80 and 4.38 with and without preheater, respectively. At a bath water temperature of 40 °C, a flow rate of 6 L/min, and a room temperature of 26.5 °C, the COP of system can reach 6.08, which shows a significantly promising method for energy saving in-house.
“…[10]. Su Kaynaklı Transkritik CO2 ısı pompası su ısıtıcısının performansı üzerine Liu ve ark (2017) deneysel çalışma yapmışlardır.. Musluk suyunun akış oranına ve suyun kaynak sıcaklığına pozitif şekilde bağlı olduğu söylenmiş, ek olarak musluk suyu akış oranın, maksimum ısıtma kapasitesinde önemsiz derecede etkiye sahip olduğu ve ısıtma kapasitesini büyük oranda arttırdığı belirtilmiştir [11]. CO2 Soğutkanlı transkritik soğutma çevrimlerinde Optimum Gaz Soğutucu Basıncı ve literatürdeki optimum basınç denklemlerinin karşılaştırılması Özgür (2014) tarafından incelenmiştir.…”
ÖzTranskritik bir çalışma sisteminin deneysel olarak çalışılması sonucunda alınan sonuçlar sunulmuştur. Tek kademeli olarak ve basınç değerleri önceki çalışmalara göre daha da arttırılarak çalıştırılmıştır; 75 bar gaz soğutucu basıncının 100 bar gaz soğutucu basıncına çıkarıldığında ve sudan suya soğutma sağlayan suyun kütlesel debisini artırılması ile aynı sistemde deney sonuçlarının termodinamik kurallara göre nasıl değişeceği ve hangi unsurlarla değişim göstereceği grafiklerle ve resimler ile sunulmuştur. Birinci deneyde 75 bar gaz soğutucu basıncında, ikinci sistemde 100 bar gaz soğutucu basıncında çalıştırılarak adlandırılmıştır. Gaz soğutucu basıncının %33, buna karşılık evaporatör basıncının da %57 artması ile sistemde değişimler incelenmiştir. COPıstm değerine %148 bir artış getirmiş, toplam ekserji kaybı % 3.2 artmış ve kütlesel su soğutma debisi %100 artmıştır. Vanadaki basınç değişimleri ekserji verimini %10,3 arttırmıştır. Soğutucu akışkan kütlesindeki %95,2'lik artış kompresörün elektirik tüketimini %24,4 arttırmıştır. Kompresörün izentropik verimi ve kılcal borunun ekserji verimi basıncın artması ile %10 artmıştır.
“…Ignacio López Paniagua et al [6] conducted a comparative study between the transcritical CO 2 HPWH and the R410A HPWH, and found that the CO 2 HPWH had better performance and broader prospects. Xiufang Liu et al [7] built a transcritical CO 2 HPWH experimental bench and found that coefficient of performance (COP) was positively correlated with water flow and water temperature.…”
The characteristics of the transcritical CO2 heat pump water heater (HPWH) system are; a lower inlet hot water temperature (Ti-hw) (sometimes this is lower than the water source temperature), and an outlet gas cooler temperature (To-gc) which is affected by the Ti-hw and often lower than the critical temperature. In order to study the effects of the internal heat exchanger (IHX) on the operational performance of the transcritical CO2 HPWH when To-gc is low, a transcritical CO2 water source HPWH experiment platform is established to conduct experimental research and comparative analysis on the operational performance of the transcritical CO2 water source HPWH, with or without IHX. It is found that, if only the coefficient of performance (COP) and heating at the optimal exhaust pressure of the transcritical CO2 water source HPWH were considered, COP and the heating of the non-IHX system would be slightly higher than those of the IHX system at the lower hot water flow and water source temperature, and this increase was not obvious. At the higher hot water flow rate and water source temperature, COP and the heating of the non-IHX system were also higher than those of the IHX system, and the increase was obvious. The experiment results showed that, near the optimal exhaust pressure, the variation range of COP and heating of the IHX system is relatively small, and the system has a relatively high stability.
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