Experimental study on the formation of faults from en-echelon fractures in Carrara Marble

Cheng, Yi; Wong, Louis Ngai Yuen; Zou, Chunjiang

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.06.004

Cited by 57 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In the present study, the crack‐type ratio for 0% to 90% stress range is not comparable with Cheng's () microcrack densities in shear stress zone and tensile stress zone. Although the tests of Cheng () were also conducted in prismatic Carrara marble specimens, the expected similarity between the ratios of AE microcrack types and the microcrack densities in the shear stress zone and tensile stress zone under fluorescent dye observation is not observed. Second, for the large AE moment domain, as the microscale‐mesoscale fractures are scaled up by coalescing and connecting neighboring fractures, the scale of the source may become comparable with the scale of the source‐to‐sensor paths.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…The Carrara marble is white in color, and it contains sparsely distributed gray bands or gray dots. These gray bands and dots consist of more than 50% calcite, and the other components are melanocratic minerals (Cheng et al, ). The average grain size is 50 to 300 μm.…”

Section: Methodology and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carrara marble is selected for the present research due to its homogeneous and isotropic nature (Ramez & Murrell, 1964), comparatively smallranging grain size, and its popularity in previous studies (Alber & Hauptfleisch, 1999;Cheng et al, 2015;Cheng & Wong, 2018;Edmond & Paterson, 1972). The Carrara marble is white in color, and it contains sparsely distributed gray bands or gray dots.…”

Section: Materials Properties and Specimen Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Method for Multiscale Interpretation of Fracture Processes in Carrara Marble Specimen Containing a Single Flaw Under Uniaxial Compression

Wong

Xiong

2018

JGR Solid Earth

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This paper presents a method for continuous multiscale observation of uniaxial compressive tests of Carrara marble specimens containing a single preexisting artificially created flaw. The experiments aim at analyzing the associated mesoscale‐macroscale phenomena in the fracture process of the specimens. In the macroscale, the crack types are observed and characterized by optical observation using a camcorder and a high‐speed camera. In the mesoscale, the crack types are analyzed and characterized by the moment tensor inversion of acoustic emission. For the experimental investigation on the fracture process on specimens containing a single preexisting flaw, it is the first time quantitative and continuous interpretation and comparison of the mesoscale‐macroscale fracture process have become available. The present findings provide substantial improvement on our understanding of the mesoscale‐macroscale fracture process in rock specimens containing a single preexisting flaw. In addition, the experimental results provide insightful information about the laboratory scale fault extension and propagation and laboratory scale acoustic emission moment‐frequency distribution. The findings are helpful for establishing the link between the laboratory scale tests and the tectonic scale seismic activities.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodology and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials Properties and Specimen Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Method for Multiscale Interpretation of Fracture Processes in Carrara Marble Specimen Containing a Single Flaw Under Uniaxial Compression

Wong

Xiong

2018

JGR Solid Earth

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“…To examine this feature, optical observation has been conducted on small discs, which had been cut from specimens containing en‐echelon flaws of δ = −30° and 30°. Detailed procedures of microscopic observation have been introduced elsewhere …”

Section: Discussion On Microscopic Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on mechanical properties and fracturing behavior of Carrara marble with the flat‐jointed model

Cheng

Wong

2020

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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Summary Overcoming two inherent limitations presented by the standard bonded‐particle model (BPM), the flat‐jointed model still lacks extensive application. This study hereby conducts a comprehensive investigation on the application of the flat‐jointed model in rock mechanics study. First, after a careful examination on the mechanical behavior of the flat‐joint contact, a systematic calibration has been conducted to build numerical models matching the mechanical properties of Carrara marble. Second, the validated model is used to simulate the fracturing behavior of marble specimens containing a single or en‐echelon flaws. Finally, the appearance of particle flow code (PFC) models has been compared with the results obtained from optical observation in order to establish a possible correlation between PFC models and real marble regarding microcracking behavior. Discussions suggest that to remove the particle size effect, the model resolution (ratio of sample dimension to the average particle diameter) should be larger than 30 in the flat‐jointed model and 150 in the BPM, respectively. Results from the above investigations suggest that the flat‐jointed model is capable of matching both the mechanical properties and fracturing behavior of Carrara marble. The numerical model is more reliable to predict the fracturing path at the instant of initiation than at failure. Development of initial fractures is not only controlled by the magnitude of tension force but also influenced by the extent of distribution of tension force. The appearance and components of a fracture in flat‐jointed models probably reveal not only its property (tensile or shear) but also the corresponding microcracking behavior of real rocks.

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“…Not many works are available examining this effect, though in the last years significant advances have been made in this direction. Most of the data available concern the uniaxial compression of specimens with intermittent joints (Wong et al 2001;Lee and Jeon 2011;Cheng et al 2015), while information on shearing is much scarcer (Gehle 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shearing of Materials with Intermittent Joints

Gerolymatou

Triantafyllidis

2016

Rock Mech Rock Eng

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The strength of fractures is much lower as a rule than that of intact rock. As a result they play a controlling part in the mechanical behaviour in general and the failure in particular of rock mass. Though a large volume of experimental data is available on the shear resistance of joints, as well as on the propagation of single cracks, the same is not true for the mechanical behaviour of intermittent joints. The experimental data available in this case are limited and the strength of rock mass with intermittent joints is usually modelled using averaged values of cohesion or assuming the fractures to be continuous. In the present work, the results of simple shear tests on a series of gypsum specimens with pre-existing cracks are presented. Twelve different crack orientations and two normal stresses were tested. The hypothesis of averaged cohesion and the theory of fracture mechanics are used to reproduce the results. It is found that fracture mechanics provides a more suitable model for the experimental results, especially when crack interaction is taken into account.

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Experimental study on the formation of faults from en-echelon fractures in Carrara Marble

Cited by 57 publications

References 47 publications

A Method for Multiscale Interpretation of Fracture Processes in Carrara Marble Specimen Containing a Single Flaw Under Uniaxial Compression

A Method for Multiscale Interpretation of Fracture Processes in Carrara Marble Specimen Containing a Single Flaw Under Uniaxial Compression

A study on mechanical properties and fracturing behavior of Carrara marble with the flat‐jointed model

Shearing of Materials with Intermittent Joints

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