Experimental study on Marangoni effect induced by heat and mass transfer

Influence of process and formulation parameters on the formation of submicron particles by solvent displacement and emulsification–diffusion methods

“…To guarantee system instability, Ma must be larger than a critical value that is specific for each solvent/ nonsolvent system [109,110]. In the particular case where the surface tension gradient is caused by concentration gradients, the Marangoni number can be defined as follows [111]:…”

“…As in the solvent displacement technique, the intensity of interfacial tension gradients can be estimated by the Marangoni number, but in this case thermal Ma is defined by the expression [111]:…”

Marangoni-driven micromotor in liquid medium

“…Marangoni effect is responsible for many common occurrences, such as the "tears of wine" [3] and superspreading of solution [4], and it also plays a crucial role in several industrial processes such as the floating-zone process for crystal growth [5]. For these reasons, the Marangoni effect has been studied extensively, because deeper understanding of Marangoni flow is important in progressing research and improving industrial applications [6][7].…”

Effect of surface tension‐driven flow on BaB2O4 crystal growth from high temperature melt‐solution

“…Even though the Marangoni convection has been investigated in many low temperature liquids, such as sodium nitrate [3], acetone [4], and hydrocarbons [5], it is still difficult to get its image during melt crystal growth at high temperature experimentally. Only some numerical simulations [6,7] dealt with Marangoni flow at high temperature.…”