Experimental study of lightning rods using long sparks in air

D’Alessandro, Francesco; Kossmann, C.J.; Gaivoronsky, A.S.; Ovsyannikov, A. G.

doi:10.1109/tdei.2004.1324354

Cited by 35 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This conclusion is supported by outdoor laboratory experience [32], which established that there was no difference in the experimental striking frequency between sharp and blunt rods, contradicting the field test results of Moore et al [8], [9]. The same conclusion was reached based on modeling work in [33].…”

Section: Leader Inceptionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Modeling of Lightning Exposure of Sharp and Blunt Rods

Rizk

2010

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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Corona characteristics of lightning rods exposed to ambient fields due to cloud charges prior to negative leader descent are analyzed, taking into account rod slenderness and relative air density. A new formula is introduced to account for the effect such corona on upward connecting leader initiation. This quantifies the tendency of a sharp lightning rod towards self-shielding, which can be detrimental to the protection of a nearby object, particularly if this object is less susceptible to corona formation. The effect of corona due to cloud charge fields on the attractive radius of a solitary rod is also investigated. Based on discharge physics, the characteristics of a non-self shielding air terminal are then defined. Since large electrodes are susceptible to deteriorating corona performance due to protrusions and water drops, preference is given to a corona-free rod with the smallest diameter, under cloud charge fields. For tall rods or rods exposed to high ambient fields, however, the required diameter of a hemispherically capped rod may be impractical. The physical approach described in this paper satisfactorily accounts for the lightning performance of competing sharp and blunt rods in a previous field investigation.

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Section: Leader Inceptionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Modeling of Lightning Exposure of Sharp and Blunt Rods

Rizk

2010

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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“…The interval between adjacent corona streamer bursts can be considered a primary dark period. As a result, the initiation of upward positive leaders in long laboratory sparks was also studied by many scholars (e.g., D'alessandro et al, 2004;Y. Xie et al, 2018).…”

Section: Plain Language Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionization Activity Detected During Dark Periods in Long Air Positive Sparks

Zhao

Becerra

Wang³

et al. 2023

JGR Atmospheres

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The time duration when no ionization activity is detectable during consecutive, separate positive streamer corona bursts in long air gap experiments is generally referred to as the dark period (Gallimberti, 1979). The dark period is explained by the reduction of the electric field around the highly stressed positive electrode by the space charge left behind after a streamer stops propagating (Les Renardières Group, 1974). This electrostatic shielding effect has been assumed to inhibit the further development of ionization, usually detected in camera images as a dark period without visible illumination. However, if the applied voltage continues increasing, the electric field distribution will also augment until a new streamer is again initiated, ending the dark period. It can take place multiple times both before and after the initiation of a stable positive leader discharge, when it is referred to as the primary or the secondary dark period respectively (Carrara & Thione, 1976). Observe that the dark period that

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“…Rods and conductors up to 21 m high were tested for gap distances (between the electrode and the overhead net) ranging between 3.5 and 7 m. From this experiment, the theory of the critical radius was confirmed but with a different and constant value of the critical radius (equal to 0.28 m) for both electrodes. After this, several other experiments have been carried out [95,101] in order to test the validity of the critical radius concept [64] and the generalized leader inception model of Rizk [70].…”

Section: On the Validity Of The Existing Leader Inception Models For mentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment of lightning flashes to grounded structures

Becerra¹

2010

Lightning Protection

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Experimental study of lightning rods using long sparks in air

Cited by 35 publications

References 8 publications

Modeling of Lightning Exposure of Sharp and Blunt Rods

Modeling of Lightning Exposure of Sharp and Blunt Rods

Ionization Activity Detected During Dark Periods in Long Air Positive Sparks

Attachment of lightning flashes to grounded structures

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