Experimental studies of microbial populations and incidence of zoonotic pathogens in the faeces of red deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>
)

Gnat, Sebastian; Trościańczyk, Aleksandra; Nowakiewicz, Aneta; Majer‐Dziedzic, Barbara; Ziółkowska, Grażyna; Dziedzic, R.; Zięba, Przemysław; Teodorowski, Oliwier

doi:10.1111/lam.12471

Cited by 26 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Table 3. NCBI BLAST results (only the first result is shown) of ASVs of bacterial genera that contain pathogenic bacterial species (Gnat et al 2015) in the guts of red deer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of winter enclosures on the gut bacterial microbiota of red deer in the Bavarian Forest National Park

et al. 2019

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“…Table 3. NCBI BLAST results (only the first result is shown) of ASVs of bacterial genera that contain pathogenic bacterial species (Gnat et al 2015) in the guts of red deer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of winter enclosures on the gut bacterial microbiota of red deer in the Bavarian Forest National Park

et al. 2019

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“…The gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) was subsequently shown to be a valuable model for Listeria rhombencephalitis and other listeriosis outcomes (Blanot et al, 1997;Disson et al, 2009). However, while L. monocytogenes is capable of causing severe disease and death among wildlife (Wesley, 2007), infected mammalian species such as red deer (Cervus elaphus) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) may remain asymptomatic (Sasaki et al, 2013;Gnat et al, 2015;Weindl et al, 2016). Importantly, analysis of L. monocytogenes from healthy wild bird populations revealed strain subtypes identical to those detected in foods (Hellstr€ om et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listeria monocytogenes at the human–wildlife interface: black bears (Ursus americanus) as potential vehicles for Listeria

Parsons

Niedermeyer

Gould

et al. 2019

Microbial Biotechnology

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Summary Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of the foodborne illness listeriosis, which can result in severe symptoms and death in susceptible humans and other animals. L. monocytogenes is ubiquitous in the environment and isolates from food and food processing, and clinical sources have been extensively characterized. However, limited information is available on L. monocytogenes from wildlife, especially from urban or suburban settings. As urban and suburban areas are expanding worldwide, humans are increasingly encroaching into wildlife habitats, enhancing the frequency of human–wildlife contacts and associated pathogen transfer events. We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of L. monocytogenes in 231 wild black bear capture events between 2014 and 2017 in urban and suburban sites in North Carolina, Georgia, Virginia and United States, with samples derived from 183 different bears. Of the 231 captures, 105 (45%) yielded L. monocytogenes either alone or together with other Listeria. Analysis of 501 samples, primarily faeces, rectal and nasal swabs for Listeria spp., yielded 777 isolates, of which 537 (70%) were L. monocytogenes. Most L. monocytogenes isolates exhibited serotypes commonly associated with human disease: serotype 1/2a or 3a (57%), followed by the serotype 4b complex (33%). Interestingly, approximately 50% of the serotype 4b isolates had the IVb‐v1 profile, associated with emerging clones of L. monocytogenes. Thus, black bears may serve as novel vehicles for L. monocytogenes, including potentially emerging clones. Our results have significant public health implications as they suggest that the ursine host may preferentially select for L. monocytogenes of clinically relevant lineages over the diverse listerial populations in the environment. These findings also help to elucidate the ecology of L. monocytogenes and highlight the public health significance of the human–wildlife interface.

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“…Red deer is a species commonly found in Poland (4,13). The composition of the deer's annual diet depends on many factors, and the main factor is the availability of vegetation in the given habitat and the season.…”

Section: Effect Of Balanced Supplementary Feeding In Wintermentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of balanced supplementary feeding in winter on qualitative and quantitative changes in the population of microbes colonizing the rumen of red deer

Gnat

Dziedzic

Nowakiewicz

et al. 2018

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Gnat S., Dziedzic R., Nowakiewicz A., Zięba P., Trościańczyk A., Majer-Dziedzic B., Ziółkowska G., Beeger S., Wójcik M.Effect of balanced supplementary feeding in winter on qualitative and quantitative changes in the population of microbes colonizing the rumen of red deer Summary Ruminants are a group of animals that process and assimilate their food in a unique manner. The functioning of the digestive tract of these animals is closely related to the abundance and composition of microbes in the forestomach, which is a complex ecosystem of bacteria, protozoa and fungi. Microorganisms present in the rumen, and in particular their effect on physiological processes in the body, influence the animal's physical condition and state of health. Microbiological examination of rumen microbiota ecology is hindered by a lack of selective growth media, as well as by difficulties in isolating bacteria in vitro and accurately identifying them. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of food consumed by red deer (Cervus elaphus) on the diversity of their rumen microbiota. Microbes were compared in two study periods. In autumn the animals' diet came exclusively from natural plant sources, while in winter, supplementary feeding was introduced, including specially prepared fodder. The study showed that in deer that did not receive the special fodder in winter, but only natural plant components, the abundance of bacterial flora decreased significantly compared with what it was in autumn, unlike in animals that did receive the fodder, whose composition and caloric value substantially increased the activity of rumen microbes. In winter, changes in proportions of different morphological forms of rumen bacteria were observed, as well as a decline in their total number, particularly in the animals that did not receive the pellets. A similar decline was also observed in the populations of yeasts and protozoa in winter. To sum up the results of the study, the use of the specially prepared high-calorie fodder in winter was shown to influence the rumen ecosystem of red deer. The most significant factor improving the condition of deer receiving supplementary fodder during this period is the stabilization of bacterial flora in the rumen, which directly contributes to the efficiency of digestion.

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Experimental studies of microbial populations and incidence of zoonotic pathogens in the faeces of red deer (Cervus elaphus )

Cited by 26 publications

References 49 publications

Impact of winter enclosures on the gut bacterial microbiota of red deer in the Bavarian Forest National Park

Impact of winter enclosures on the gut bacterial microbiota of red deer in the Bavarian Forest National Park

Listeria monocytogenes at the human–wildlife interface: black bears (Ursus americanus) as potential vehicles for Listeria

Effect of balanced supplementary feeding in winter on qualitative and quantitative changes in the population of microbes colonizing the rumen of red deer

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