Experimental studies of larger foraminifera and their symbionts from the Gulf of Elat on the Red Sea

Lee, J. J.; McEnery, M. E.; Garrison, James R.

doi:10.2113/gsjfr.10.1.31

Cited by 53 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The light saturation curve shows net oxygen evolution above a compensating light intensity of 30 PEinst rnd2 s-l; below that the oxygen gradients were negative and the system was taking up oxygen. A net photosynthesis has also been observed in benthic foraminifera, Amphisorus hemprichii and A. Zobifera, from the Gulf of Aqaba, at illuminations > 10 klx (Lee et al 1980). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Symbiotic photosynthesis in a planktonic foraminiferan, Globigerinoides sacculifer (Brady), studied with microelectrodes1

Jørgensen

Erez²,

Revsbech³

et al. 1985

Limnology & Oceanography

159

128

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The chemical environment and the symbiotic photosynthesis of the spinose foraminiferan, Globigerinoides sacculifer, from the Gulf of Aqaba, northern Red Sea, were studied with O2 and pH microelectrodes at a resolution of 50-l 00 pm. In the dark, the foraminiferan respiration lowered the 0, concentration at the shell surface to 50% of air saturation, while pH was lowered from the ambient value of 8.23 to 8.15. In the light, the 0, increased to 2.5 times air saturation while pH reached 8.62. These steep chemical gradients were established over a diffusive boundary layer between the spines, which partly separated the animal from the bulk seawater. The 0, pool around the shell was very dynamic, with residence times down to 5 s in the light. Photosynthetic rates were mapped around and within the animal. The compensation light intensity of the symbionthost system was 26-30 PEinst m-2 s-l, while the light saturation intensity, Ik, was 160-170 PEinst m-2 s-l. The action spectrum of symbiont photosynthesis showed peaks at 450 and 670 nm due to chlorophyll a as well as a broad peridinin peak at 500-550 nm. Total respiration of one symbionthost system was 3.0 nmol0, h-l and was not significantly different between dark and light. Gross photosynthesis at light saturation was 18.1 nmol O2 h-l per foraminiferan.The high net photosynthesis showed that the zooxanthellae could theoretically provide all organic carbon required for growth and respiration of the host. Model calculations indicated, however, that the foraminifera were diffusion-limited in the uptake of dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus. The capture of prey was therefore a necessary source of these nutrients, while symbiotic photosynthesis could cover the energy requirements and allow efficient internal recycling of nutrients.Globigerinoides sacculifer (Brady) is one of the most prolific and widespread warmwater foraminifera. Its distribution is tropical-subtropical, mostly at water temperatures between 23°C and 28°C. It occurs in all the tropical seas and usually constitutes >20% of the planktonic foraminifera (Be and Tolderlund 197 1). Like most of the other spinose species it lives especially in the upper euphotic zone where maximum population densities go up to lo-50 ind. m-3.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Symbiotic photosynthesis in a planktonic foraminiferan, Globigerinoides sacculifer (Brady), studied with microelectrodes1

Jørgensen

Erez²,

Revsbech³

et al. 1985

Limnology & Oceanography

159

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…From laboratory experiments, Lee et al (1980) (Uthicke & Altenrath 2010). This variation can be attributed to different calcification mechanisms and carbon budgets between species (Ter Kuile & Erez 1991) and differences in the symbiont assemblages within the host (Leutenegger 1983).…”

Section: Observed Variability and Environmental Complexitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibited growth in the photosymbiont-bearing foraminifer Marginopora vertebralis from the nearshore Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Reymond

Uthicke²,

Pandolfi³

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Certainly, the algal symbionts provide varying amounts of nutrients to the foraminifera (Lee, 1980;Kremer et al, 1980), and this exchange provides an energetic advantage (Hallock, 1981a(Hallock, , 1982. Heterostegina depressa, for example, can obtain all of its nutrient requirement from its symbionts (Rottger, 1972;Schmaljohann and Rottger, 1978) although it may take small amounts of particulate food (McEnery and Lee, 1981), whereas Amphisorus hemprichii, Amphistegina lobifera, Archaias angulatus, and Sorites marginalis receive less than 10% of their carbon requirement from symbionts and the rest by actively grazing benthic algae (Lee and Bock, 1976;Muller-Merz and Lee, 1976;Lee et al, 1980c;McEnery and Lee, 1981).…”

Section: Symbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotic Interactions in Benthic Foraminifera

Lipps

1983

Topics in Geobiology

115

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Experimental studies of larger foraminifera and their symbionts from the Gulf of Elat on the Red Sea

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

Symbiotic photosynthesis in a planktonic foraminiferan, Globigerinoides sacculifer (Brady), studied with microelectrodes1

Symbiotic photosynthesis in a planktonic foraminiferan, Globigerinoides sacculifer (Brady), studied with microelectrodes1

Inhibited growth in the photosymbiont-bearing foraminifer Marginopora vertebralis from the nearshore Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Biotic Interactions in Benthic Foraminifera

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