Experimental Sarcoptes scabiei infestation in pigs: (1) pathogenesis

Cargill, C. F.; Dobson, K. J.

doi:10.1136/vr.104.1.11

Cited by 31 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…These observations are typical for acute-hypersensitive mange in pigs, which is generally described as a short term infestation with low mite numbers [27], a clinical picture akin to ordinary human scabies. To obtain sufficient mites for our studies, pigs with chronic mange were needed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Chronic mange closely resembles human crusted scabies, with the formation of hyperkeratotic plaques and proliferation of mites. It is more commonly observed in older sows or when pigs are immunosuppressed, and is generally uncommon in growing pigs [27], [33].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, other pigs had relatively low mite burdens despite receiving higher doses of dexamethasone. Variation in pig mange responses are common [27], with small number of pigs in the population often harbouring the majority of the mite burden [8].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A further potential advantage of this host-parasite system is the fact that the complement system in pigs is comparable to humans [25], and pigs are susceptible to Streptococci, including Group A streptococci (GAS) [26]. Experimental models of porcine mange have been used previously to study clinical manifestations [27], effects on production and transmission dynamics, as well as limited studies of immunology and histopathology [28]. The majority have been short-term, naturally resolving infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Tractable Experimental Model for Study of Human and Animal Scabies

Mounsey

Kelly

et al. 2010

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundScabies is a parasitic skin infestation caused by the burrowing mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is common worldwide and spreads rapidly under crowded conditions, such as those found in socially disadvantaged communities of Indigenous populations and in developing countries. Pruritic scabies lesions facilitate opportunistic bacterial infections, particularly Group A streptococci. Streptococcal infections cause significant sequelae and the increased community streptococcal burden has led to extreme levels of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in Australia's Indigenous communities. In addition, emerging resistance to currently available therapeutics emphasizes the need to identify potential targets for novel chemotherapeutic and/or immunological intervention. Scabies research has been severely limited by the availability of parasites, and scabies remains a truly neglected infectious disease. We report development of a tractable model for scabies in the pig, Sus domestica.Methodology/Principal FindingsOver five years and involving ten independent cohorts, we have developed a protocol for continuous passage of Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis. To increase intensity and duration of infestation without generating animal welfare issues we have optimised an immunosuppression regimen utilising daily oral treatment with 0.2mg/kg dexamethasone. Only mild, controlled side effects are observed, and mange infection can be maintained indefinitely providing large mite numbers (>6000 mites/g skin) for molecular-based research on scabies. In pilot experiments we explore whether any adaptation of the mite population is reflected in genetic changes. Phylogenetic analysis was performed comparing sets of genetic data obtained from pig mites collected from naturally infected pigs with data from pig mites collected from the most recent cohort.Conclusions/SignificanceA reliable pig/scabies animal model will facilitate in vivo studies on host immune responses to scabies including the relations to the associated bacterial pathogenesis and more detailed studies of molecular evolution and host adaption. It is a most needed tool for the further investigation of this important and widespread parasitic disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Tractable Experimental Model for Study of Human and Animal Scabies

Mounsey

Kelly

et al. 2010

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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“…In experimentally infested pigs, S. scabiei var. suis infestations causes excoriations on the luminal surface of the ear after seven days of initial infestations, developed encrusted lesions in the ears between third and eight weeks of infections, generalized pruritis accompanied by focal erythematous skin lesions with eosiniphilia and allergic reactions (Cargill and Dobson 1979a). In natural infestations in crossbred pigs (Hampshire X Khasi local) lesions were mostly observed in ears, head, neck region, shoulders, leg and back region of those pigs.…”

Section: Pathological Lesions and Clinical Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcoptic mange infestation in pigs: an overview

Laha

2014

J Parasit Dis

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Sarcoptic mange infestation in pigs is caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis. It is the most common mange infestation of pigs. The parasite is distributed worldwide. Pig owners are generally concerned about the internal parasitic infections and ignored the external parasitic infestations. But the external parasitic infestation with S. scabiei var. suis has economic significance as it causes morbidity, mortality, decreased fertility and feed conversion ratio in pigs. Keeping in view of importance of S. scabies var. suis infestation in pigs, this communication discussed about the present and past research works done on S. scabies var. suis infestation in pigs, particularly its prevalence, life cycle, pathological lesions, clinical symptoms, haematobiochemical changes, diagnosis, treatment and control, to have an idea about this infestation at a glance. It has been concluded that the research work done on sarcoptic mange infestation in pigs in India is less in comparison to other countries. It may be due to its consideration as a neglected parasite or due to it's under report. Organization of awareness programs for the farmers by extension personalities or other authorities might be able to save the farmers from economic losses due to this infestation.

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External Parasites

Brewer¹,

Greve²

2019

Diseases of Swine

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Experimental Sarcoptes scabiei infestation in pigs: (1) pathogenesis

Cited by 31 publications

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A Tractable Experimental Model for Study of Human and Animal Scabies

A Tractable Experimental Model for Study of Human and Animal Scabies

Sarcoptic mange infestation in pigs: an overview

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