External Parasites

Brewer, Matthew T.; Greve, John

doi:10.1002/9781119350927.ch65

Cited by 2 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Allergic dermatitis represented 12.3% of diagnoses, these generate economic losses due to reduced growth rate, reduced feed efficiency and loss of carcass value at slaughter (Kessler et al 2003, Brewer & Greve 2019. Most of the cases corresponded to finishing and slaughter pigs, similarly to what reported by Cole (1990) in cases of hypersensitivity to insect bites in slaughter pigs and for Pedroso- de-Paiva et al (2003) with lesions indicative of scabies in the slaughter line.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Microscopy showed eosinophilic dermatitis, predominantly perivascular, in addition to edema and ulceration of the epidermis in three cases (Cole 1990, Mauldin & Peters-Kennedy 2016. In histological sections no mites were observed, however it does not mean that any of these cases cannot be sarcoptic mange, as the agent may not be detected in histology (Brewer & Greve 2019). Neoplastic skin diseases represented a low number of diagnoses (1.3%), which was expected, since neoplasms in pigs are rare (Brum et al 2015, Torrison & Cameron 2019.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Primary skin diseases and cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases in swine

et al. 2020

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Skin diseases in pigs can negatively impact the production. They cause losses related to the death of the affected pigs, to the cost with the treatment, growth retardation and condemnations in the slaughterhouses. This study was developed to determine the frequency and describe the histopathological findings of skin diseases in pigs in different age groups through a retrospective study from 2006 to 2018. A total of 154 conclusive cases were analyzed, including skin restricted diseases (allergic dermatitis, exudative epidermitis, vesicular dermatitis, pityriasis rosea, swinepox, follicular cyst, papilloma and scrotal hemangioma) or skin lesions secondary to systemic diseases (erysipelas, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS), bacterial septicemia and multiple hemorrhages without definite cause). The skin lesions were classified as bacterial (46.1%), viral (26.6%), allergic (12.3%), neoplastic (1.3%) and others (13.6%). Swine erysipelas was the most frequent diagnosis (47/154), followed by PDNS (23/154), allergic dermatitis (19/154) and exudative epidermitis (15/154). Vesicular dermatitis (9/154), pityriasis rosea (9/154), septicemia with cutaneous manifestations (9/154), swinepox (9/154) and multiple hemorrhages without definite cause (7/154) were also observed. Follicular cyst (3/154), hyperkeratosis without definite cause (2/154), papilloma (1/154), and scrotal hemangioma (1/154) were less frequently described. Of the conclusive diagnosis, age was reported in 138 cases, with the highest frequency of skin lesions observed at the inspection process during slaughter (56/138).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Primary skin diseases and cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases in swine

et al. 2020

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“…The current prevalence of Demodex infestation and clinical demodicosis in swine herds is unknown as the infestation is usually perceived as of low relevance for commercial swine production. Demodex phylloides usually colonizes the porcine skin and, as clinical demodicosis in pigs is an uncommon condition, the awareness amongst swine veterinarians is poor [ 4 ]. Demodex phylloides is an elongated mite that reaches a body length of 175–265 µm and lives and reproduces in the hair follicles of pigs [ 1 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Demodex phylloides is an elongated mite that reaches a body length of 175–265 µm and lives and reproduces in the hair follicles of pigs [ 1 , 5 ]. It is transmitted via direct contact [ 1 , 4 , 6 ]. Recent reports of porcine demodicosis are rare [ 5 , 7 – 9 ], but historically demodicosis was well known in swine because of the economic impact on leather production [ 1 – 3 , 6 , 10 – 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demodicosis in a Kunekune pig and molecular characterisation of porcine demodectic mites involved: a case report

Schwarz,

Herb,

Dürlinger

et al. 2024

Parasites Vectors

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Background In January 2021, a female 1-year-old Kunekune was presented at the University Clinic for Swine with severe reduction of the field of vision resulting in prolonged reaction time when targeting barriers, due to moderate to severe thickening of the skin around both orbits also affecting the eyelids. Methods Clinical examination revealed skin hyperplasia, nodular enlargement of the skin pores of the axillar and inguinal region. Ophthalmologists decided to remove parts of the thickened periocular skin, followed by histopathological examination. Results Once large amounts of demodectic mites were detected by histopathology, demodicosis could be diagnosed and treatment of the pig was started using sarolaner. Morphological and molecular analyses were performed. Histopathological and parasitological exams led to the aetiological diagnosis of demodicosis in the affected Kunekune pig. Severe skin lesions were revealed to be the consequence of an infestation with Demodex sp. Morphological analyses confirmed the involvement of D. phylloides. Molecular characterization indicated a Demodex species closely related to mites documented in wild boar - most probably D. phylloides for which no explicit sequences are available in GenBank yet. Treatment with sarolaner (2.6 mg/kg) resulted in a substantial regression of skin lesions, already detectable 1 month after first treatment. Conclusions Demodicosis is a very rare disease in pigs that is most probably related to an impaired immune response to the mites. Demodectic mange should be included in the list of differential diagnoses in cases of periocular alterations of the skin of pigs. Graphical Abstract

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External Parasites

Cited by 2 publications

References 15 publications

Primary skin diseases and cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases in swine

Primary skin diseases and cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases in swine

Demodicosis in a Kunekune pig and molecular characterisation of porcine demodectic mites involved: a case report

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