Experimental Research on the Drag Reduction Mechanism of Natural Gas Drag Reduction Agent and Its Industrial Field Test

Abstract

As environmental protection has drawn increasing attention all around the world, natural gas has been increasingly used for its high efficiency, cleanliness, and low cost. However, the frictional resistance in transportation causes a large loss of energy, thereby reducing the transportation capacity. To address this problem, this work analyzes the hydraulics of natural gas pipeline transportation, the regularity of the effects of a drag reduction agent (DRA) on the pipe inner-surface roughness, the relationship between the drag reduction effect and DRA injection technology (different doses and injection methods), and the flow pattern improvement regularity of the DRA membrane acting on the near-wall region of the pipeline. Through these studies, the fundamental reason for frictional resistance has been found, and the drag reduction mechanism has also been identified. Field test shows that the application of DRA could reduce the frictional loss by 12–16.5% in the gas pipeline transportation and raise the transportation efficiency by 8–12%.

Preparation of ultra high molecular weight amorphous poly(1-hexene) by a Ziegler-Natta catalyst

“…Addition of the small amounts of the long chain polymers into a liquid flow can cause large decreases in the resultant friction on the pipeline wall. [8] Since the discovery of MgCl 2 as the best support for TiCl 4 -based Ziegler-Natta catalyst, many reports have been published on highly active supported catalysts for polymerization of α-olefins [1,[9][10][11] . High molecular weight polymers are the most important achievements of heterogeneous catalyst polymerization of the Ziegler-Natta type.…”

Effects of a new drag reduction agent on natural gas pipeline transportation

“…According to the basic theory of friction and wear, 13,14 the asperity height distribution is close to a normal distribution; the smaller the roughness, the closer the actual distribution approximates the normal distribution. The standard deviation of asperity height is given in equation (1). The probability density function (PDF) of asperity height is provided in equation 2Ra =…”

“…However, the gas compressor station accounts for about 50% of total operation cost of transportation, and about 50%-70% of cost of gas compressor station is spent in the compressor set which is used to overcome the frictional resistance and keep the gas transmission volume. 1 The frictional resistance is the main reason of energy loss. How to reduce the frictional resistance and retain the gas delivery capacity are the main problems in the pipeline transportation.…”

Critical Role of Ionic Properties on the Turbulence Drag Reduction Performance of Various Polyacrylamide Polymers in Liquid

“…Drag reduction (DR) by polymers has been of great interest, − mainly due to its vast applications, including firefighting, transport of liquids in pipelines, agriculture, and medicine. − There are some good reviews of the recent progress in understanding the fundamentals of polymer DR, such as one review of mechanical degradation and deaggregation of drag-reducing polymers in turbulent flows and the other on the mechanics and prediction of turbulent DR with polymer additives . The turbulence DR performance of polymers could be influenced by many factors such as time, turbulence intensity, molecular weight of the polymer, chemical structure of the polymer, etc …”