Experimental research on effects of biodiesel fuel combustion flame temperature on NOX formation based on endoscope high-speed photography

Mao, Gongping; Shi, Kaikai; Zhang, Cheng; Chen, Shi-An; Wang, Ping

doi:10.1016/j.joei.2020.01.002

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Unlike conventional diesel, biodiesel offers several advantages, including the absence of sulfur and aromatic compounds [17], as well as a higher oxygen content and cetane number [18]. In the study [19], the results reveal that an increase in the proportion of biodiesel leads to higher NOx concentrations. Numerical studies of biodiesel combustion in a furnace [20] demonstrated a twofold decrease in NOx concentrations when burning ammonia in a stepped furnace.…”

Section: Introduction Review and Analysismentioning

confidence: 85%

Experimental Investigation of Non-Premixed Combustion Process in a Swirl Burner with LPG and Hydrogen Mixture

Dostiyarov,

Umyshev,

Kibarin

et al. 2024

Energies

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In the modern world, issues related to the use of alternative fuels are becoming increasingly pressing. These fuels offer the potential to achieve significantly improved environmental and technological performance. Currently, among such fuels, biodiesel, ammonia, LPG, and hydrogen are considered the most promising options. LPG and hydrogen exhibit a high Lower Heating Value (LHV) and have a relatively low environmental impact. This article investigates the combustion of hydrogen-LPG mixtures in a diffusion burner. The main parameters under study include the proportion of hydrogen in the fuel, equivalence ratio, and vane angle. The analyzed parameters encompass NOx and CO concentrations. The studies have demonstrated that the addition of hydrogen can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, as the combustion product is clean water. The primary focus of this research is the examination of combustion processes involving flow swirl systems and alternative fuels and their mixtures. The studies indicate that flame stabilization is significantly influenced by several factors. The first factor is the amount of hydrogen added to the fuel mixture. The second factor is the degree of mixing between the fuel and oxidizer, along with hydrogen. Lastly, the equivalence ratio plays a crucial role. As the studies have shown, the maximum stabilization for a speed of 5 m/s is achieved at an angle of 60° and a hydrogen fraction of 40%, resulting in φLBO = 0.9. This represents an 8.0% improvement in stabilization compared to the baseline mode, primarily due to the substantial proportion of hydrogen. An analysis of flame photographs reveals that as the twist angle increases, a recirculation zone becomes more apparent. Increasing the blade angle and incorporating hydrogen leads to a reduction in CO concentrations in the exhaust gases. The analysis indicates that increasing the hydrogen proportion to 50%, compared to the absence of hydrogen, results in a 30% decrease in CO concentration. In our case, for the option φ = 0.3 and blade angles of 60°, the reduction in CO concentration was 28.5%. From the authors’ perspective, the most optimal vane angle is 45°, along with a hydrogen fraction of 30–40%. With these parameters, it was possible to achieve concentrations of NOx = 17–25 ppm, φLBO = 0.66, and CO = 130–122 ppm.

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Section: Introduction Review and Analysismentioning

confidence: 85%

Experimental Investigation of Non-Premixed Combustion Process in a Swirl Burner with LPG and Hydrogen Mixture

Dostiyarov,

Umyshev,

Kibarin

et al. 2024

Energies

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“…Wysocki et al (2018) introduced the technology of a mobile test rig on combustion, promoting the mobility of the performance and emission characterization site, even farm-based locations. Endoscope photographing technology in ICE fuel atomization and flame studies was applied by Mao et al (2020) and Stepien et al (2022), while the application of AI on pump and engine performance and emission and optimization studies were also presented (Karami et al, 2019;Ude et al, 2020;Onukwuli et al, 2021;Said et al, 2022;Yamin and Hdaib, 2022;Feng et al, 2023). A study on the mass flow rate effect found expression in the thermal management of the battery fuel cell reaction phenomenon (Zuo et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the fuel blend flow rate on engine combustion performance

Onojowho,

Asere

2024

Front. Energy Res.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the post-injection flow interactive effects of atomized fuel blends from an injector system of known characteristics into a direct injection compression ignition engine combustion chamber and their outcomes. Attempts were made to link the interactive influence of blend mixture quality, effluence and consumption rate of fuel injection properties on frictional loss, heat liberation, combustion, and volumetric efficiency performance outcomes of the engine. This numerical–experimental dimension study began with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) prediction of fuel in-cylinder behavior between a 225° CA (crank angle) (45°ABDC—after bottom dead center) and 360°CA (0° BTDC—before top dead center) compression stroke elapsing into an expansion stroke. A Testo gas analyzer was used to determine the combustion efficiency. The experiments validated the CFD outcomes presented. Willans lines were applied on blends to compare piston frictional losses. A swirl prediction maximum peak of 0.027237 at 336.15 CA for pure diesel blend (D100) at 2,300 rpm and 0.066811 at 341.3 CA for pure biodiesel blend (B100) at 1,800 rpm aided the mixing quality. The instantaneous velocity on the sinusoidal profile and contour around the swirling peak crank angle revealed ignition activity resulting from high mixing quality. The engine possessed high-efficient fuel blends burning strength on a minimum of 54.5% at a higher flow rate. The engine speed and flow rate interaction on the heat liberation rate made a symmetric profile for D100 and B100. Engine energy loss on friction was minimal with D100 compared to B100 and 5% biodiesel to 95% diesel blend (B5).

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“…The anthropogenic sources of NOx are rather diverse. There is thermal NOx, which is formed by the reaction of atmospheric oxygen and nitrogen at high temperatures (above 1300 • C), as described by the Zeldovich mechanism [10,11]. Secondly, there is fuel NOx.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Adding Low Concentration of Oxygenates in Mineral Diesel Oil and Biodiesel on the Concentration of NO, NO2 and Particulate Matter in the Exhaust Gas of a One-Cylinder Diesel Generator

Maes

Potters

Fransen

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Air quality currently poses a major risk to human health worldwide. Transportation is one of the principal contributors to air pollution due to the quality of exhaust gases. For example, the widely used diesel fuel is a significant source of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM). To reduce the content NOx and PM, different oxygenated compounds were mixed into a mineral diesel available at the pump, and their effect on the composition of exhaust gas emissions was measured using a one-cylinder diesel generator. In this setup, adding methanol gave the best relative results. The addition of 2000 ppm of methanol decreased the content of NO by 56%, 2000 ppm of isopropanol decreased NO2 by 50%, and 2000 ppm ethanol decreased PM by 63%. An interesting question is whether it is possible to reduce the impact of hazardous components in the exhaust gas even more by adding oxygenates to biodiesels. In this article, alcohol is added to biodiesel in order to establish the impact on PM and NOx concentrations in the exhaust gases. Adding methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol at concentrations of 2000 ppm and 4000 ppm did not improve NOx emissions. The best results were using pure RME for a low NO content, pure diesel for a low NO2 content, and for PM there were no statistically significant differences.

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Experimental research on effects of biodiesel fuel combustion flame temperature on NOX formation based on endoscope high-speed photography

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

Experimental Investigation of Non-Premixed Combustion Process in a Swirl Burner with LPG and Hydrogen Mixture

Experimental Investigation of Non-Premixed Combustion Process in a Swirl Burner with LPG and Hydrogen Mixture

Effects of the fuel blend flow rate on engine combustion performance

Influence of Adding Low Concentration of Oxygenates in Mineral Diesel Oil and Biodiesel on the Concentration of NO, NO2 and Particulate Matter in the Exhaust Gas of a One-Cylinder Diesel Generator

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