Experimental realization of high-fidelity teleportation via a non-Markovian open quantum system

Abstract

Open quantum systems and study of decoherence are important for our fundamental understanding of quantum physical phenomena. For practical purposes, a large number of quantum protocols exist that exploit quantum resources, e.g., entanglement, which allows us to go beyond what is possible to achieve by classical means. We combine concepts from open quantum systems and quantum information science and give a proof-of-principle experimental demonstration-with teleportation-that it is possible to implement efficiently a quantum protocol via a non-Markovian open system. The results show that, at the time of implementation of the protocol, it is not necessary to have the quantum resource in the degree of freedom used for the basic protocol-as long as there exists some other degree of freedom or the environment of an open system, which contains useful resources. The experiment is based on a pair of photons, where their polarizations act as open system qubits and frequencies as their environments, while the path degree of freedom of one of the photons represents the state of Alice's qubit to be teleported to Bob's polarization qubit.

Experimental Snapshot Verification of non-Markovianity with Unknown System-Probe Coupling

“…We first discussed briefly some possible applications. Then, we explored in detail a specific task, namely the verification of the probe's non-Markovianity, a useful property for certain quantum information protocols [16][17][18][19][20][21][22], by snapshot probing measurement at an unknown time and with a completely unknown system-probe coupling.…”

“…Here ∆n = n H − n V is the birefringence of the medium, where n H and n V are the refractive indices in the horizontal (H) and vertical (V) directions, respectively. This polarization-frequency model has been recently popular in the studies of quantum information in open quantum systems [17,19,30,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. If the fast axes of the quartz plates in the combination are not aligned, the dynamics becomes significantly more complicated.…”

“…In addition to fundamental interest of the nature of information flow, non-Markovianity has found many uses in making quantum protocols more efficient under noisy circumstances [15]. Non-Markovianity has been experimentally shown to increase the success rate of Deutsch-Josza algorithm implemented in NV-center in diamond, and allow for perfect superdense coding and quantum teleportation with mixed two photon polarization states in noisy transmission [16][17][18][19]. Non-Markovianity has been shown to help in entanglement generation and distribution, and it has been shown to improve the secure key rate in quantum key distribution [20][21][22].…”

Experimental quantum probing measurements with no knowledge of the system-probe interaction

“…Our system of interest is the frequency degree of freedom of a single photon and our probe is the polarization of the same photon. This system has attracted a lot of attention lately [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. We show how measuring two polarization states before and after their interaction with the frequency can be used to extract upper bounds for the width of the corresponding frequency spectra.…”

Remote sensing and faithful quantum teleportation through non-localized qubits

“…First highlighted by Bennett et al [2], it has since evolved into an active and interesting area of research and is now recognized as an significant tool for many quantum protocols such as measurement-based quantum computing [3], quantum repeaters [4], and fault-tolerant quantum computation [5]. The experiments have been first implemented by photons [6], later with various systems such as trapped ions [7,8], atomic ensembles [9], as well as with high-frequency phonons [10] and several others [11][12][13][14].…”