Experimental production of hypocalcemia by EDTA infusion in calves: a critical appraisal assessed from the profile of blood chemicals and enzymes

Desmecht, Daniël; Lindén, Annick; Godeau, Jean-Marie; Lekeux, Pierre

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(94)00156-n

Cited by 18 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Metabolic studies did not suggest that the drug would be acutely toxic at levels approaching therapeutic use, because these studies showed that the compound was rapidly eliminated by glomerular filtration (FOREMAN, 1963;ARONSON and AHRENS, 1971). Apart from its therapeutic use, EDTA infusions have been used successfully in several species to induce hypocalcemia (CONTRERAS et al, 1982;THOMAS et al, 1990;DESMECHT et al, 1995) at a dosage that was higher than the one used in the present study. Our experiment (LIESEGANG, 1997) showed an unexpected outcome, because the dosage used was considered safe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Unexpected Outcome after Two Consecutive Infusions of Disodium EDTA. in Dairy Cows

Liesegang

Riond

Wanner

1999

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Na 2 EDTA) is a cation chelator which is used as an anticoagulant in blood samples and as a therapeutic agent in lead poisoning. Several experiments have been carried out with EDTA to induce hypocalcemia in cows and other animals, and toxic effects have rarely been reported. In this study, hypocalcemia was induced by means of a 5 % Na 2 EDTA infusion (0.55 mg/kg/min Na 2 EDTA for 5 h = total dose of 100.6 g). Accidental acute toxicity and fatalities occurred after a consecutive second infusion in several cows. Researchers designing new experiments should be aware of a potential EDTA toxicity at a routinely used dose and rate of administration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Unexpected Outcome after Two Consecutive Infusions of Disodium EDTA. in Dairy Cows

Liesegang

Riond

Wanner

1999

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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“…In addition to the therapeutic use as lead chelator, EDTA infusions have been successfully used in several species to induce experimental hypocalcemia (Contreras et al, 1982; Thomas et al, 1990; Desmecht et al, 1995). In this study, the course of different bone resorption markers during short‐term induced hypocalcemia was followed in two different stages of lactation [4–5 months post‐partum (experiment 1); approximately 7–8 months post‐partum (experiment 2)].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Course of Selected Bone Resorption Marker Concentrations in Response to Short‐term Hypocalcemia Experimentally Induced with Disodium EDTA Infusions in Dairy Cows

Liesegang

Eicher

Sassi³

et al. 2000

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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The collagen metabolites hydroxyproline (HYP), deoxypyridinoline (DPD), and the carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) are suitable markers for bone resorption in humans and several animal species. The purpose of this study was to describe the course of bone resorption markers during short-term hypocalcemia induced with disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Na2EDTA) and to investigate whether bone resorption is increased in dairy cows under these conditions. EDTA infusions have been used as a model for periparturient paresis in dairy cows and to estimate the calcium mobilization rate from body reserves in ruminants. In this study, hypocalcemia was induced by means of a 5% Na2EDTA infusion (0.55 mg/kg/min Na2EDTA for 5 h = total dose of 100.6 g). Two experiments were conducted: (1) Six 4-11 years-old Brown Swiss cows were infused intravenously with EDTA for 5 h. Blood and urine samples were taken repeatedly from 1 day before until 10 days after infusion. (2) Towards the end of the lactation, the experiment was repeated with the same animals after a 14-day-period of feeding a low calcium diet (26 g/animal per day). The EDTA-infusion induced hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia. The HYP-, DPD- and ICTP-concentration remained mainly unaffected during both infusions. Only DPD showed an increase during infusion and HYP an increase 2 days after the infusion. In conclusion, the EDTA infusion had little effect on the concentrations of the measured bone markers, which may be due to the fact that the serum calcium pool was refilled by increased absorption of Ca via the gastrointestinal tract. From these results, it can be concluded that bone resorption was not influenced by EDTA infusion.

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“…During spontaneous recovery from hypocalcaemia, hourly blood samples were collected and analyzed for free calcium until the concentration of 1.00 mmol/L or above was regained. This level of 1.00 mmol/L was chosen based on previous studies showing this to be the lower limit for normal smooth muscle contraction [6,7,19]. The period of time in min from involuntary recumbency until the cow had regained blood free calcium concentration of 1.00 mmol/L was defined as Calcium Regaining Time (CRT).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Anionic Salt and Highly Fermentable Carbohydrate Supplementations on Urine pH and on Experimentally Induced Hypocalcaemia in Cows

Mellau

Jørgensen²,

Bartlett

et al. 2004

Acta Vet Scand

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The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of dietary grain on calcium homeostasis. Six rumen-fistulated dairy cows with 3 or more previous lactations and no history of parturient paresis were randomly assigned to a sequence of diets in a crossover study with 4 periods of 10 days each. Dietary treatments were: A control ration consisting of wrap grass silage alone (1), the control ration supplemented with ammonium chloride and ammonium sulphate salt solution (2), control ration following a period with supplementation (3) and control ration supplemented with increasing amounts of barley from 4 to 10 kg/cow per day, expected to produce subclinical rumen acidosis (4). Daily intake of the diets was adjusted to 14 kg DM/cow per day. On day 11, the calcium-regulating mechanisms in cows were challenged until recumbency by a standardized intravenous EDTA infusion and cows were left to recover spontaneously. Anion supplementation and the feeding of highly fermentable carbohydrate lowered urine pH below 7.0 due to subclinical acidosis. During spontaneous recovery from EDTA induced hypocalcaemia, the cows more quickly regained a whole blood free calcium concentration of 1.00 mmol/L if they had most recently been supplemented with either anionic salts or with increasing amounts of barley, as compared to the basic ration. It is concluded that so-called slug-feeding or 'steaming up' with highly fermentable carbohydrates before parturition in milk fever susceptible cows enhanced calcium homeostasis similar to the effect seen in cows on anionic diets.

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Experimental production of hypocalcemia by EDTA infusion in calves: a critical appraisal assessed from the profile of blood chemicals and enzymes

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Unexpected Outcome after Two Consecutive Infusions of Disodium EDTA. in Dairy Cows

Unexpected Outcome after Two Consecutive Infusions of Disodium EDTA. in Dairy Cows

The Course of Selected Bone Resorption Marker Concentrations in Response to Short‐term Hypocalcemia Experimentally Induced with Disodium EDTA Infusions in Dairy Cows

Effect of Anionic Salt and Highly Fermentable Carbohydrate Supplementations on Urine pH and on Experimentally Induced Hypocalcaemia in Cows

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