Experimental investigation on the thermal performance of water cooled multi-split heat pipe system (MSHPS) for space cooling in modular data centers

Li, Ling; Zhang, Quan; Yu, Yuebin; Liao, Shuguang

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.07.006

Cited by 44 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The results showed that this system can save around 3 million dollars each year for a data centre with heat capacity of 8,800 kW. Ling et al [62] proposed the water-cooled multi-split heat pipe system to cool the space in modular data centres and found that the optimum refrigerant filling rate was in the range 33-42% with cooling capacity ranging from 6100 W to 6200 W. Dang et al [63] proposed a closed rack cooling system with pulsating heat pipe and carried out the numerical study of its heat transfer performance, which is shown in Fig. 4.…”

Section: −45°wmentioning

confidence: 98%

Advanced big-data/machine-learning techniques for optimization and performance enhancement of the heat pipe technology – A review and prospective study

et al. 2021

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Section: −45°wmentioning

confidence: 98%

Advanced big-data/machine-learning techniques for optimization and performance enhancement of the heat pipe technology – A review and prospective study

et al. 2021

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“…[3][4][5] Conventionally, DCs are cooled using computer room air conditioning (CRAC) systems, 6 which operate 24 h every day throughout the year, even during winter when the outdoor ambient temperature is sufficiently low for cooling DCs, thereby increasing the energy consumption for cooling and reducing energy efficiency. [7][8][9] Studies have proposed many methods to reduce the energy consumption for cooling DCs. Amongst these methods, cooling using natural cold sources and liquid cooling are two promising techniques for DC cooling systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of pump-driven chip-level two-phase cooling system for data centres

Wang

Cheng

Yang

et al. 2023

Indoor and Built Environment

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In this study, we proposed and designed a pump-driven chip-level two-phase cooling system (PCTCS) and experimentally demonstrated that it can directly cool central processing units in data centres (DCs). The operation of the PCTCS involves an internal refrigerant cycle (IRC) and an external water cycle (EWC). Within the IRC, multiple mini-channel evaporators enable the dissipation of heat from the CPUs in the servers through a plate heat exchanger to initiate the EWC, which is followed by the dissipation of the heat to the environment. We performed experiments to systematically analyze the effects of key operation parameters on PCTCS performance of the IRC. The results indicated that the average and the highest core temperature of the CPUs were 76.3°C and 79.0°C, respectively, under extremely harsh heat dissipation conditions. The key driving component of the PCTCS is a refrigerant pump with high energy efficiency ratio (EERp) defined as ratio of heat dissipated by the power of the refrigerant pump. The EERp was 17–18 when the CPUs were at 0% load and 38–42 and 68–76 when the CPUs were at 50% and 100% loads, respectively. Moreover, optimizing the flow resistance of the IRC can improve the performance of the PCTCS.

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“…Min [9] analyzed a heating system suitable for solar energy with a new micro-channel annular tube core part forming the influence of geometric parameters on the heat transfer capacity; the study found that the higher the effective porosity, the larger the aperture, and the bigger the fractal dimension of core samples, the higher the capillary limit; increases in the height difference between evaporator and condenser will also increase the heat transfer limits of the system. Ling [10][11][12] conducted experiments on the micro-channel separated heat pipe system of the base station and established a steady-state model. It was found that under different indoor conditions, the optimal filling rate (FR) remained at 88%~101%, and the system cooling capacity and EER increased with the increase of the indoor and outdoor temperature difference.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Simulation Study of Micro-Channel Backplane Heat Pipe Air Conditioning System in Data Center

et al. 2020

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This paper mainly studies the heat transfer performance of backplane micro-channel heat pipes by establishing a steady-state numerical model. Compared with the experimental data, the heat transfer characteristics under different structure parameters and operating parameters were studied, and the change of heat transfer coefficient inside the system, the air outlet temperature of the back plate and the influence of different environmental factors on the heat transfer performance of the system were analyzed. The results show that the overall error between simulation results and experimental data is less than 10%. In the range of the optimal filling rate (FR = 64.40%–73.60%), the outlet temperature at the lowest point and the highest point of the evaporation section is 22.46 °C and 19.60 °C, the temperature difference does not exceed 3 °C, and the distribution gradient in vertical height is small and the air outlet temperature is uniform. The heat transfer coefficient between the evaporator and the condenser is larger than the heat transfer coefficient under the conditions of low and high liquid charge rate. It increases gradually along the flow direction, and decreases gradually with the flow rate of the condenser. When the width of the flat tube of the evaporator increases from 20 mm to 28 mm, the internal pressure drop of the evaporator decreases by 45.83% and the heat exchange increases by 18.34%. When the number of evaporator slices increases from 16 to 24, the heat transfer increases first and then decreases, with an overall decrease of 2.86% and an increase of 87.67% in the internal pressure drop of the evaporator. The inclination angle of the corrugation changes from 30° to 60°, and the heat transfer capacity and pressure drop increase. After the inclination angle is greater than 60°, the heat transfer capacity and resistance decrease. The results are of great significance to system optimization design and engineering practical application.

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Experimental investigation on the thermal performance of water cooled multi-split heat pipe system (MSHPS) for space cooling in modular data centers

Cited by 44 publications

References 25 publications

Advanced big-data/machine-learning techniques for optimization and performance enhancement of the heat pipe technology – A review and prospective study

Advanced big-data/machine-learning techniques for optimization and performance enhancement of the heat pipe technology – A review and prospective study

Experimental study of pump-driven chip-level two-phase cooling system for data centres

Experimental and Simulation Study of Micro-Channel Backplane Heat Pipe Air Conditioning System in Data Center

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