Experimental investigation on the potential of biogas/ethanol dual-fuel spark-ignition engine for power generation: Combustion, performance and pollutant emission analysis

Costa, Roberto Berlini Rodrigues da; Valle, Ramón Molina; Hernández, Juan José Marín; Malaquias, Augusto César Teixeira; Coronado, Christian Jeremi R.; Pujatti, Fabrício José Pacheco

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114438

Cited by 58 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…It made possible the adjustment of ignition timing, fuel injection pulse width, coil dwell setup and the choice of controlling PFI or DI systems. Table 3 provides a more detailed instrumentation description with the equipment uncertainties [41]. In addition to the data available in Table 4, the uncertainties associated with the IMEP, engine power and ISFC calculations were, respectively, ± 62 mbar, ± 0.005 kW and ± 0.17%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of combustion aspects with different compression ratios, fuel types and injection systems in a single-cylinder research engine

Malaquias

Netto

Costa

et al. 2020

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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The growing commercialization of flex-fuel vehicles in Brazil demands the optimization of internal combustion engines for the operation with ethanol (E100) and gasohol (E22), in an attempt to reduce the fuel consumption and minimize the pollutant emissions into the atmosphere. In this sense, this work proposes the study of different volumetric compression ratios in a single-cylinder research engine in order to conclude about its fuel conversion efficiency and, in particular, a more detailed combustion investigation for two of the most common Brazilian fuels. Dynamometric bench tests were performed for distinct compression ratios, injection systems and fuel types, which demanded a specific piston design to meet the requirements for each combustion chamber configuration. The use of ethanol was the most suitable when compared to gasohol, especially at high load conditions, in which was observed a knock tendency for E22 but not for E100, due to its improved physicochemical properties, resulting in enhanced combustion aspects. The proposed methodology proved effective in allowing fuel conversion efficiency gains for the tested fuels, injection systems and piston designs when compared to the engine baseline operation, with up to 6.1% improvement when using the most appropriate compression ratio. Finally, the ethanol direct injection confirmed the potential of this Brazilian biofuel as one of the most promising renewable options for internal combustion engines in current and future sustainable energy directives. Keywords Compression ratio • Internal combustion engine • Fuel conversion efficiency • Ethanol • Flex-fuel Abbreviations ABDC After bottom dead center APMAX Angle of maximum pressure (°) ATDC After top dead center BBDC Before bottom dead center BMEP Brake mean effective pressure (bar) BTDC Before top dead center CA Crank angle CO 2 Carbon dioxide COV Covariance (%) CR Compression ratio DI Direct injection E100

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of combustion aspects with different compression ratios, fuel types and injection systems in a single-cylinder research engine

Malaquias

Netto

Costa

et al. 2020

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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“…At the same time, electromagnet (31) controls the tension roller (27). The angle of opening the throttle (17) changes to the value corresponding to the engine operation with all cylinders.…”

Section: Working Out the Fuel Supply Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Energies 2020, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW 7 of 20 opening the throttle (17) changes to the value corresponding to the engine operation with all cylinders. When reducing the load of the engine or during transition to the idling mode, when the engine is more efficient at switching off the cylinder group, there is a reverse process of disconnecting the block of injectors and the inclusion in the chain of the ballast resistance.…”

Section: Working Out the Fuel Supply Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reason for this deterioration is the decrease of the indicated efficiency of the actual cycle. It is due to the increase in the relative amount of EG and the deterioration of mixing and combustion conditions [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Double sparking can cause early release of heat and reduce the knocking effect [16].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spark shortening phenomena have been observed during the extension of the spark discharge period [21]. What is especially important with the dual fuel system with biogas and ethanol fuel is the reduction in the knocking effect at full engine load [17]. Additionally, exhaust residuals have a direct influence on the combustion process [18].…”

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Improving Fuel Economy of Spark Ignition Engines Applying the Combined Method of Power Regulation

et al. 2020

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One of the disadvantages of spark ignition engines, whose power is regulated by throttling, is the increased fuel consumption at low loads and when the engine is idle. The combined method of engine power regulation by switching off the cylinder group and throttling working cylinders is one of the effective ways to improve fuel economy in the above-mentioned modes. This article presents the research results of the combined method of engine power regulation which can be realized by minor structural changes in operating conditions. The method implies the following: at low loads and at idle speed of the engine. Fuel supply to the group of cylinders is switched off with the simultaneous increase of the cyclic fuel supply in the working cylinders. The adequacy of the calculated results has been checked by the indication of operating processes in switched off and working cylinders. The research results of a six-cylinder spark ignition engine with the distributed gasoline injection using the combined power regulation system have been shown. The angles of opening the throttle which provides a non-shock transition from the operation with all cylinders to the operation with the cylinder group switched off have been determined.Energies 2020, 13, 1076 2 of 19 forced idling. In this case, most of the time cars move at a low speed, with the engine running at low loads and at idle speed.Operating modes of automobile engines under operating conditions have been investigated in many papers. At low speed and low load, high heat transfer and combustion losses occur, directly affecting engine operating conditions [1]. In most cases, these actual engine operating conditions are not reflected in standardized driving cycles and, sometimes, summaries of experimentally-derived cycles are also used to evaluate traffic jams [2]. Design changes, such as ceramic-coated engines, have also been used to reduce heat loss, which, when used in combination with biodiesel as fuel, have shown optimum engine operating conditions [3]. This effect is also noticeable when using triglyceride-based biodiesel as fuel [4]. Hydroxyl gas can also be used as an indicator to improve engine natural conditions, resulting in higher thermal efficiency and improved exhaust emissions [5]. The possible use of biobutanol as another source of biofuels and similar trends in engine operating conditions due to its higher oxidative stability [6] as a spark ignition [7], as a compression ignition engines [8]. It is also known that the use of alcohol additives in petrol improves its properties and achieves an ecological effect [9]. The EGR system shows a different reduction in cycle pressure [10] which is noticeable when operating small engines [11]. Studies [12][13][14][15] shows that the basic operating modes of both freight and passenger vehicles moving in cities are part speed and loading modes. They involve acceleration, steady mode, and active and forced idling while driving and braking the car. Most of the time the vehicular engines run the open throttle or with a fuel s...

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Experimental study on the effect of load and air+gas/fuel ratio on the performances, emissions and combustion characteristics of diesel–LPG fuelled single stationary ci engine

yotchou

Banta

Karanja

et al. 2023

Engineering Reports

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Due to the issue of combustion stability when using natural gas and the problem of knocking when using both natural gas and hydrogen, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is then a good candidate to use for the dual‐fuel concept since it has been proven to be a good solution to limit the pollutants and the excessive use of fossil resources in the aim to support and advance the African Union's and UN's sustainable development goals. In this paper, the effect of load as well as the air + gas/fuel ratio on the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of a dual‐fuel diesel–LPG engine, single‐cylinder, four‐stroke, direct injection diesel engine with a rated power of 3.5 kW at a speed of 1500 rpm has been carried out. Experiments have been performed in dual‐fuel mode for a range of loads from 0 to 12 kg and a range of volume flow of LPG from 1 to 5.5 L/min, and the results were compared with those obtained from the single‐fuel mode. Results show that the dual‐fuel mode gives better performance and fewer pollutants than the single‐fuel mode. For example, at low load, Brake thermal efficiency, the indicated thermal efficiency, and mechanical efficiency increased by 83.79%, 24.36%, and 41.77%, respectively, and by 57.48%, 19.84%, and 24.37% at high load when we moved from the single‐fuel mode to the dual‐fuel mode. The smoke, carbon monoxide, and NOx decreased by 24.3%, 94.2%, and 96.2% respectively at low load and by 62.3%, 89.8%, and 91.4% at high load. And, no knocking came up during this research compared to natural gas or hydrogen dual‐fuel engines.

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Experimental investigation on the potential of biogas/ethanol dual-fuel spark-ignition engine for power generation: Combustion, performance and pollutant emission analysis

Cited by 58 publications

References 53 publications

An evaluation of combustion aspects with different compression ratios, fuel types and injection systems in a single-cylinder research engine

An evaluation of combustion aspects with different compression ratios, fuel types and injection systems in a single-cylinder research engine

Improving Fuel Economy of Spark Ignition Engines Applying the Combined Method of Power Regulation

Experimental study on the effect of load and air+gas/fuel ratio on the performances, emissions and combustion characteristics of diesel–LPG fuelled single stationary ci engine

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