Experimental investigation on the behavior of glued-in rod joints in timber beams subjected to monotonic and cyclic loading

Gattesco, Natalino; Gubana, Alessandra; Buttazzi, Manuela; Melotto, Massimo

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.03.078

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, the non-uniform shear stress distribution at the loaded end resulted in experimental axial withdrawal capacity and stiffness variations that were statistically insignificant. However, Gattesco et al (2017) The slip values increased by fifteen times when the temperature was elevated close to the glass transition temperature of the adhesive (50°C/72%RH) at the same stress level. An increase in slip values has also been observed in GFRP rods glued in Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) with two epoxy types under 20% tensile creep load at 20°C/65%RH (Roseley et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cyclic Loading of Glued-In FRP Rods in Timber: Experimental and Analytical Study

Toumpanaki

Ramage

2022

J. Compos. Constr.

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The axial load capacity and stiffness of Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) and Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) rods glued-in timber is investigated under cyclic loading as the main design consideration for structures that experience load reversal (e.g. due to wind loading). Load cycles at 20, 40, 60 and 80% of the ultimate load and three repetitions per load cycle were considered. The main parameters examined are the effect of FRP rod, anchorage length and construction scenario. The construction scenarios represent full contact between timber faces, gaps in joints due to long-term effects (e.g. viscoelastic creep) and manufacturing tolerances, and contact with other materials. The GFRP rods exhibit 23% higher axial load capacity and 20% lower axial tensile stiffness than CFRP rods for an embedment length of 5D, where D is the diameter of the rod. The axial load capacity of the GFRP rods tends to plateau with increasing bonded length at anchorage lengths greater than 10D. Small gaps significantly decrease the axial compressive stiffness of the glued-in FRP rods at the first load cycles and the axial stiffness varies along the bonded length. An analytical methodology is presented to describe the bond stress transfer mechanism and the progressive bond degradation. The analytical tensile slip values agree fairly well with the experimental results when debonding takes place at 80% of the ultimate load.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cyclic Loading of Glued-In FRP Rods in Timber: Experimental and Analytical Study

Toumpanaki

Ramage

2022

J. Compos. Constr.

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“…In this framework, most of the literature involving experimental studies have been focused on the axial pull-out strength of a single BiR connection, and its dependency on geometrical and material parameters. Examples can be found in [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] for various configurations, with a focus on the experimental assessment of various failure mechanisms [4], test protocols [5] or monotonic and cyclic loading [8]. Often, Finite Element numerical modelling techniques are applied to bonded joints in timber engineering [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Analysis of Adhesive Types and Bonding Mistakes on Bonded-in-Rod (BiR) Connections for Timber Structures

et al. 2021

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Bonded-in rods (BiR) represent a structural connection type that is largely used for new timber structures and rehabilitation (repair or reinforcement) of existing structural members. The technology is based on steel / Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) / Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) rods bonded into predrilled holes in timber elements. The mechanical advantages of BiRs include high local force capacity, improved strength, a relatively high stiffness and the possibility of ductile behaviour. They also offer aesthetic benefits, given that rods are hidden in the cross sections of wooden members. As such, BiR connections are regarded as a solution with great potential, but still uncertain design formulations. Several research projects have dealt with BiRs, but a final definition of their mechanics and a universal design procedure is still missing. This research study explores the typical fracture mechanics modes for BiR connections. A special focus is given to the evaluation of the impact of adhesive bonds under various operational conditions (i.e., moisture content of timber). A total of 84 specimens are tested in pull-out setup, and investigated with the support of digital image correlation (DIC). The reliability of empirical equations and a newly developed analytical model in support of design, based on linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM), is also assessed.

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“…Considering the conservation of the original material and structural appearance, it is preferable to replace only the severely decayed part with a new segment through a splice joint. The flexural performances of different types of splice joints in retrofitting timber beams, such as a lapped scarf joint, dowel-type timber connections, glued-in rods timber connection, self-tapping screws, and long treaded rods have been investigated by many researchers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. However, there have been limited studies on the axial compressive performance of the spliced columns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analytical model for the loading capacity of splice-retrofitted slender timber columns

Qiu

2020

Engineering Structures

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Retrofitting timber columns in traditional timber structures with a steel jacketed splice joint has advantages of aesthetic appearance and similar mechanic performance to the intact columns as compared to conventional simple splice columns. The axial compression behavior of such retrofitted splice columns has been studied experimentally in detail. However, there is still a lack of a calculation model for their axial compressive strength and general guideline for their design. The objective of this study is to establish a theoretical calculation model for this type of retrofitted splice columns. Firstly, a theoretical model for the axial compressive strength of splice columns retrofitted with a steel jacket is proposed considering the contact stresses at a splice joint and the relevant stability theory. Secondly, the buckling modes of splice columns and the actual stress distributions at the splice joints (i.e. the compressive stresses at the steel-timber and timbertimber interfaces) are thoroughly investigated. Finally, the theoretical model is validated by the experimental data and finite element analysis results with different splice parameters. Comparisons show that the theoretical calculations in terms of the bearing capacity and stability coefficient agree

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Experimental investigation on the behavior of glued-in rod joints in timber beams subjected to monotonic and cyclic loading

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

Cyclic Loading of Glued-In FRP Rods in Timber: Experimental and Analytical Study

Cyclic Loading of Glued-In FRP Rods in Timber: Experimental and Analytical Study

Short-Term Analysis of Adhesive Types and Bonding Mistakes on Bonded-in-Rod (BiR) Connections for Timber Structures

An analytical model for the loading capacity of splice-retrofitted slender timber columns

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