Experimental investigation on chill-down process of cryogenic flow line

Jin, Lingxue; Park, Changgi; Cho, Hyokjin; Lee, Cheonkyu; Jeong, Sangkwon

doi:10.1016/j.cryogenics.2016.08.006

Cited by 43 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Boil-off from the storage tank during the transfer of LH 2 from a supply trailer to the storage tank was found to be one of the most important sources of hydrogen loss. While many studies [71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84] have investigated how to minimize boil-off losses and empirically determined that top fill (spray) is the most effective way to reduce transfer losses during loading, the underlying physics remains poorly understood. Petitpas used his model to empirically determine the dependence of heat transfer into the storage tank on the level of LH 2 fill, with heat fluxes varying from approximately 2.2 W/m 2 when nearly full, to 1.0 W/m 2 when empty for a 12.5 m 3 vertical storage tank.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Liquid Hydrogen Boil-Off

et al. 2022

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A model has been developed and implemented in the software package BoilFAST that allows for reliable calculations of the self-pressurization and boil-off losses for liquid hydrogen in different tank geometries and thermal insulation systems. The model accounts for the heat transfer from the vapor to the liquid phase, incorporates realistic heat transfer mechanisms, and uses reference equations of state to calculate thermodynamic properties. The model is validated by testing against a variety of scenarios using multiple sets of industrially relevant data for liquid hydrogen (LH2), including self-pressurization and densification data obtained from an LH2 storage tank at NASA’s Kennedy Space Centre. The model exhibits excellent agreement with experimental and industrial data across a range of simulated conditions, including zero boil-off in microgravity environments, self-pressurization of a stored mass of LH2, and boil-off from a previously pressurized tank as it is being relieved of vapor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Liquid Hydrogen Boil-Off

et al. 2022

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“…A series of visual studies have been put forward [9,10], and based on them, a series of phenomenological models have been set up to model the cryogenic chill-down process [11,12]. For setting up more reliable model, recently, a number of experimental studies have been performed [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] to correlate the heat transfer coefficients for various boiling patterns and boiling transition points (LFP, CHF). It is believed that in the current stage, correlations approved by Darr et al [15,16] could obtain general applications for transport pipe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fill-In and Boiling Transition Characteristics during the Liquid Oxygen Chill-Down Process in a Vertical Exit-Contracted Pipe

Zhang

Wang

Chen

2022

International Journal of Aerospace Engineering

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Liquid oxygen chill-down in a vertical exit-contracted pipe was investigated experimentally. The wall temperatures were recorded in detail to describe the filling and chill-down process of the experimental section. Two quenching fronts, the exit one and the inlet one, were detected, and their propagations were found. Results show that the chill-down process is controlled mainly by the formation and propagation of quenching front, which are determined by the pressure level. With the increase of pressure, the roles of both propagation of quenching front and inlet quenching front undergo decreasing. On the vertical section, the effect of circumferential position was discussed in detail and the dominant point was identified, which determines the boiling transition time of the dominated points on the current cross-section. Based on the experimental data, two correlations were suggested for dominant point and dominated points, respectively, to predict heat flux on Leidenfrost, heat transfer coefficient on Leidenfrost, and critical heat flux. One equation was approved to predict heat transfer coefficient on critical heat flux point for both sorts of points. All of these correlations could produce reliable predictions.

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“…Many studies [290][291][292][293][294][295][296][297][298][299][300][301][302][303] have investigated possible ways to reduce boil-off losses and suggested that top fill (top spray) is probably the most effective way to reduce transfer losses, although more understanding of the underlying physics is needed. NASA have demonstrated the operation of an Integrated Refrigeration and Storage (IRAS) 294 system allowing temperature control of the stored liquid hydrogen.…”

Section: Liquid Hydrogen Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advantages and disadvantages of various insulation methods, listed in order of increasing thermal insulation performance301 …”

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confidence: 99%