Experimental investigation of the effects of separate hydrogen and nitrogen addition on the emissions and combustion of a diesel engine

Christodoulou, Fanos; Megaritis, A.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2013.05.173

Cited by 74 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…25 Christodoulou and Megaritis 16 mentioned that thermal efficiency decreased at low speeds in their study made on a Ford Puma diesel engine. Experimentally obtained decrease in combustion efficiency of hydrogen is seen as its reason.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The literature offers several methods and technologies on injecting hydrogen into intake port using gas injectors, direct injection into engine cylinders, introduction into intake manifold and pilot diesel injection for ignition. [16][17][18] Permanent hydrogen injection into intake manifold can cause early ignition and back-flame conditions. During both permanent injection and intermittent port injection methods, hydrogen replaces the intake air during intake stroke due to its low density and causes reduction in volumetric efficiency which results in a decrease in engine power.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Christodoulou and Megaritis 16 introduced hydrogen and nitrogen into a supercharged engine. Authors operated engine at 2.5 bars and 5 bars of mean effective pressure at 1500 and 2500 r/min engine speeds, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of hydrogen–diesel dual-fuel usage on performance, emissions and diesel combustion in diesel engines

Karagöz

Sandalcı

Yüksek

et al. 2016

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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Diesel engines are inevitable parts of our daily life and will be in the future. Expensive after-treatment technologies to fulfil normative legislations about the harmful tail-pipe emissions and fuel price increase in recent years created expectations from researchers for alternative fuel applications on diesel engines. This study investigates hydrogen as additive fuel in diesel engines. Hydrogen was introduced into intake manifold using gas injectors as additive fuel in gaseous form and also diesel fuel was injected into cylinder by diesel injector and used as igniter. Energy content of introduced hydrogen was set to 0%, 25% and 50% of total fuel energy, where the 0% references neat diesel operation without hydrogen injection. Test conditions were set to full load at 750, 900, 1100, 1400, 1750 and finally 2100 r/min engine speed. Variation in engine performance, emissions and combustion characteristics with hydrogen addition was investigated. Hydrogen introduction into the engine by 25% and 50% of total charge energy reveals significant decrease in smoke emissions while dramatic increase in nitrogen oxides. With increasing hydrogen content, a slight rise is observed in total unburned hydrocarbons although CO 2 and CO gaseous emissions reduced considerably. Maximum in-cylinder gas pressure and rate of heat release peak values raised with hydrogen fraction.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of hydrogen–diesel dual-fuel usage on performance, emissions and diesel combustion in diesel engines

Karagöz

Sandalcı

Yüksek

et al. 2016

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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“…The high flame speeds are a result of the fast and thermally neutral branching chain reactions of H2 as compared to the relatively slower endothermic and thermally significant chain reactions associated with hydrocarbon fuel combustion [15]. Also Heat release rates from H2-diesel fuel combustion tend to be higher than those for diesel fuel combustion, resulting in a shorter duration of combustion with less heat transfer to the surroundings, and can improve thermal efficiencies [16][17][18].…”

Section: Engine Performance With Variable Field Voltage and Constant mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of oxyhydrogen gas flow rate as a supplementary fuel in compression ignition combustion enginess

Sakhrieh¹,

Al-Hares²,

Faqes³

et al. 2017

IJHT

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In this study, Oxyhydrogen (HHO) gas produced by electrolysis process using Potassium hydroxide (KOH) was introduced as a supplementary fuel into a four-cylinder, four -stroke Compression Ignition (CI) engine. In the first part, the throttle of the engine is held to its full, half and quarter position. The field voltage (brake load) is varied to obtain different engine speeds. In the second part, the field voltage of the electric dynamometer is held constant while the throttle of the engine is varied. Power, torque, Brake Specific Fuel Combustion (BSFC) and efficiency improvements depend on the HHO gas flow rate supplied to the engine and can be enhanced by 14.2, 4.8, 10.6 and 8.8 percent, respectively. A curve that relates engine speed with the optimum HHO gas flow rate was plotted to maximize the enhancement of the engine performance. Optimum HHO gas flow rate depends on the engine speed; being 1.4 L/min at low speeds, and increases with speed increase to reach 2.1 L/min at intermediate speeds, while at high speeds, to maximize the enhancement of power and torque, it is recommended to mix diesel with HHO flow rate of 3.0 L/min.

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“…Though such measures have been signified with their distinct respective advantages, the penalty of increased complexity of deployment, lack of adequate control, increased cost of maintenance [19,20] and operational efficiency indices which are yet to be acceptable over all load ranges and test cycles of conventional engine operation have led modern day engine designers turning to explore new avenues [21,22].To this end, efforts are being directed towards the development of strategies to harness the synergetic benefits of comparable or better engine performance combined with lower emission footprint of alternative gaseous fuels [23,24] in contemporary engine design and operation. In this respect, various studies on the application of hydrogen as a dual fuel in existing IC engines [25,26] offer the motivation to explore the potential in exploiting the inherent superior combustion characteristics of hydrogen as an in-situ solution to the emission and performance trade-off challenges of conventional diesel combustion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Taguchi-fuzzy based multi-objective optimization study on the soot-NOx-BTHE characteristics of an existing CI engine under dual fuel operation with hydrogen

Deb

Majumder

Banerjee

et al. 2014

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Experimental investigation of the effects of separate hydrogen and nitrogen addition on the emissions and combustion of a diesel engine

Cited by 74 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of hydrogen–diesel dual-fuel usage on performance, emissions and diesel combustion in diesel engines

Effect of hydrogen–diesel dual-fuel usage on performance, emissions and diesel combustion in diesel engines

Optimization of oxyhydrogen gas flow rate as a supplementary fuel in compression ignition combustion enginess

A Taguchi-fuzzy based multi-objective optimization study on the soot-NOx-BTHE characteristics of an existing CI engine under dual fuel operation with hydrogen

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