Experimental investigation of the effect of extended cowl on the flow field of planar plug nozzles

Khan, Aqib; Panthi, Rohit; Kumar, Rakesh; Ibrahim, S. Mohammed

doi:10.1016/j.ast.2019.03.011

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Controlled bursting of the films was done in custommade equipment comprising a ∼ 87 mm-diameter cylinder tube and nozzle. 50 The film was placed on one end of the cylinder and another end was closed. Nitrogen gas was flown inside the tube via the nozzle.…”

Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burst and Physicochemical Characteristics of Glycerol-Added Chitosan Films for Food Packaging

Bharti

Bhuvana

Chindam

2023

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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Toward establishing the full design aspects of chitosan as a packaging material or as cling wraps, the chemical characteristics, thermal stability, optical transparency, Young’s modulus, elongation at fracture, and burst strength of pure and glycerol-added 100 μm-thick-chitosan films were investigated. Films of chitosan and films with 10%, 20%, and 30% w/w glycerol as the plasticizer were prepared per standard protocols. Electron microscopic analysis revealed that all films are homogeneous. The addition of glycerol did not alter the crystallinity, lowered the glass transition by ∼7 °C, decreased the thermal stability, decreased the roughness by 50%, and increased the optical transparency by 5%. It was found that the incorporation of glycerol decreased the Young’s modulus by two orders, increased the plastic strain at least by four times, and decreased the burst strength by at least two times. The results from this systematic analysis, including comparisons with existing packaging materials, provide a holistic picture for tailoring the properties of chitosan-based packaging materials for modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) toward sustainable development.

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Section: ■ Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burst and Physicochemical Characteristics of Glycerol-Added Chitosan Films for Food Packaging

Bharti

Bhuvana

Chindam

2023

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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“…Khan et al [48] experimentally investigated the effect of the extended cowl on the flow field of planar plug nozzles for two different Mach number ranges (1.8 and 2.2) to observe the influence of the cowl length for the pressure distribution. Manigandan and Vijayaraja [49] experimentally investigated the flow-field and acoustic characteristics of the elliptical throat in the CD nozzle.…”

Section: Jet Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of Supersonic Flow Control for High-Speed Applications

2021

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In high-speed fluid dynamics, base pressure controls find many engineering applications, such as in the automobile and defense industries. Several studies have been reported on flow control with sudden expansion duct. Passive control was found to be more beneficial in the last four decades and is used in devices such as cavities, ribs, aerospikes, etc., but these need additional control mechanics and objects to control the flow. Therefore, in the last two decades, the active control method has been used via a microjet controller at the base region of the suddenly expanded duct of the convergent–divergent (CD) nozzle to control the flow, which was found to be a cost-efficient and energy-saving method. Hence, in this paper, a systemic literature review is conducted to investigate the research gap by reviewing the exhaustive work on the active control of high-speed aerodynamic flows from the nozzle as the major focus. Additionally, a basic idea about the nozzle and its configuration is discussed, and the passive control method for the control of flow, jet and noise are represented in order to investigate the existing contributions in supersonic speed applications. A critical review of the last two decades considering the challenges and limitations in this field is expressed. As a contribution, some major and minor gaps are introduced, and we plot the research trends in this field. As a result, this review can serve as guidance and an opportunity for scholars who want to use an active control approach via microjets for supersonic flow problems.

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“…Experiments are conducted in the free jet facility at High-Speed Aerodynamics Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India 20 . A schematic of the setup is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: A Free Jet Facilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

On the fluidic behavior of an over-expanded planar plug nozzle under lateral confinement

Chaudhary¹,

Krishna²,

Nanda³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The present work aims to study the fluidic behavior on lateral confinement by placing side-walls on the planar plug nozzle through experiments. The study involves two cases of nozzle pressure ratio (NPR=3, 6), which correspond to over-expanded nozzle operating conditions. Steady-state pressure measurements, together with schlieren and surface oil flow visualization, reveal the presence of over-expansion shock and subsequent interaction and modification of the flow field on the plug surface. The flow remains attached to the plug surface for NPR=3; whereas, for NPR=6, a separated flow field with a recirculation bubble is observed. Spectral analysis of the unsteady pressure signals illustrates a clear difference between the attached and the separated flow. Besides, other flow features with a distinct temporal mode associated with and without lateral confinement are observed. The absence of lateral confinement reduces the intensity of low-frequency unsteadiness; however, on the contrary, the interaction region is relatively reduced under lateral confinement.

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Experimental investigation of the effect of extended cowl on the flow field of planar plug nozzles

Cited by 19 publications

References 19 publications

Burst and Physicochemical Characteristics of Glycerol-Added Chitosan Films for Food Packaging

Burst and Physicochemical Characteristics of Glycerol-Added Chitosan Films for Food Packaging

A Critical Review of Supersonic Flow Control for High-Speed Applications

On the fluidic behavior of an over-expanded planar plug nozzle under lateral confinement

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