Experimental investigation of nitrogen based emissions from an ammonia fueled SI-engine

Westlye, Fredrik Ree; Ivarsson, Anders; Schramm, Jesper

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2013.03.055

Cited by 190 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…[39,41] Given that in future H 2 will be derived from water splitting, the overall process of ammonia production is represented by Reaction (R2). [39,41] Ammonia can be used in internal combustion engines and diesel engines with little modification, [42][43][44] as well as gas turbines [45,46] and rocket engines. [47] N 2ðgÞ þ3H 2 Ammonia production using renewable intermittent energy is technically feasible with current technologies.…”

Section: The Nitrogen Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen‐Based Fuels: A Power‐to‐Fuel‐to‐Power Analysis

Dana

Elishav

Bardow³

et al. 2016

Angew Chem Int Ed

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Section: The Nitrogen Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen‐Based Fuels: A Power‐to‐Fuel‐to‐Power Analysis

Dana

Elishav

Bardow³

et al. 2016

Angew Chem Int Ed

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“…Recently, Frigo et al [21] investigated the applications of ammonia/hydrogen in an SI engine and showed that the possibility of improvement of engine brake thermal efficiency by the increase in compression ratio although the efficiency decreases with the increase in ammonia concentration in the fuel. Westlye et al [22] investigated the emission characteristics of an ammonia/ hydrogen engine in detail using an FT-IR analyzer and showed the difference of emission gas characteristics between an ammonia/hydrogen engine and a gasoline engine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laminar burning velocity and Markstein length of ammonia/hydrogen/air premixed flames at elevated pressures

Ichikawa

Hayakawa

Kitagawa

et al. 2015

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

322

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HydrogenEffects of pressure Laminar burning velocity Markstein length a b s t r a c t Ammonia shows promise not only as a hydrogen-energy carrier but also as a carbon-free fuel. However, combustion intensity of ammonia must be improved to enable its application to practical combustors. In order to achieve this, hydrogen-added ammonia/air flames were experimentally and numerically investigated at elevated pressures up to 0.5 MPa. The hydrogen ratio, which is defined as the hydrogen concentration in the fuel mixture, was varied from 0 to 1.0. The unstretched laminar burning velocity and Markstein length of spherically propagating laminar flames were experimentally evaluated. The results showed that, unstretched laminar burning velocity increases non-linearly with an increase in the hydrogen ratio. The Markstein length varies non-monotonically with an increase in the hydrogen ratio. The unstretched laminar burning velocity, and the Markstein length decrease with an increase in the initial mixture pressure. Although the decrease in the Markstein length is larger when the initial mixture pressure increases from 0.1 to 0.3 MPa, the values of Markstein lengths at 0.5 MPa are almost the same as those at 0.3 MPa.

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“…The improvement in combustibility of partially cracked ammonia is directly related to the presence of hydrogen in the fuel mixture, which boosts the combustion process. Westlye et al [6] conducted experiments on NH 3 /H 2 mixtures in SI engines in order to quantify the emissions. Another practical way to make ammonia operable in ICEs is to mix it with a vigorous fuel which acts as combustion promoter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%