“…To date, experimental studies to estimate these complex flows and/or energy losses in urban drainage systems have been conducted to take into account subcritical (Nania et al, 2011;Riviere et al, 2011;Schindfessel et al, 2015) and supercritical flow regimes (Creëlle et al, 2017;Kemper and Schlenkhoff, 2019;Riviere et al, 2014), open-channel and pressurised flow (Martins et al, 2017;Rubinato et al, 2018a), interactions between the minor and major systems (Beg et al, 2018;Fraga et al, 2017;Gomez & Russo, 2005, 2009Gomez et al, 2019;JinNoh et al, 2016;Lopes et al, 2014Lopes et al, , 2015Martins et al, 2014Martins et al, , 2018Rubinato, 2015;Rubinato et al, 2011;Rubinato et al, 2013Rubinato et al, , 2014Rubinato et al, , 2017aRubinato et al, , b, 2018bVasconcelos et al, 2006) and with the presence of obstacles or streets (Arrault et al, 2016;Finaud-Guyot et al, 2018) and building blocks (Güney et al, 2014;Smith et al, 2016). Examples of experimental facilities are shown in Figure 9.2.…”