Experimental investigation and thermo-chemical modeling of methane pyrolysis in a liquid metal bubble column reactor with a packed bed

Geißler, T.; Plevan, M.; Abánades, A.; Heinzel, A.; Mehravaran, Kian; Rathnam, Renu Kumar; Rubbia, C.; Salmieri, D.; Stoppel, L.; Stückrad, Stefan; Weisenburger, A.; Wenninger, H.; Wetzel, Th.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.08.102

Cited by 128 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…7); a detailed description of the recent reactor design and the resulting experimental setup is available in Ref. [23]. It could be seen from Fig.…”

Section: Technical Feasibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology for CO2-free production of hydrogen

Abánades

Rathnam

Geißler

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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The development of a low-carbon technique to produce hydrogen from fossils would be of great importance during the transition to a long-term sustainable energy system. Methane decarbonisation, the well-known transformation of methane into hydrogen and solid carbon, is a potential candidate in this regard. At the Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS), a new alternative technology for methane decarbonisation applying liquid metal technology was proposed and an ambitious programme was set up in collaboration with the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). The comprehensive programme included the following: conceptual design of a liquid metal bubble column reactor and material testing, process engineering incorporating carbon separation and hydrogen purification, and a socioeconomic analysis. In the present paper, an overview of the programme along with some of the results, are presented. Results from the experimental campaigns show that the liquid metal reactor design works effectively in producing hydrogen and carbon separation. Other aspects of the technology such as socio-economics, environmental impact, and scalability also seem to be favourable making methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology a potential candidate for CO2-free hydrogen production.

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“…7); a detailed description of the recent reactor design and the resulting experimental setup is available in Ref. [23]. It could be seen from Fig.…”

Section: Technical Feasibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology for CO2-free production of hydrogen

Abánades

Rathnam

Geißler

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…Sn is used in float glass processes and also as a replacement of Pb in wave soldering processes. It is recently considered for application as heat transfer medium in a production process for hydrogen without CO 2 release by methane cracking at a temperature of about 900 °C or above . The advantage of using liquid metals for this process bases on the high specific density, which allows floating of the light carbon particles and avoids blocking of the facility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion behavior of austenitic steel AISI 316L in liquid tin in the temperature range between 280 and 700 °C

Heinzel

Weisenburger

Müller

2017

Materials & Corrosion

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Corrosion behavior of austenitic steel AISI 316L was tested in liquid tin at temperatures between 280 and 700 °C under a reducing atmosphere during different exposure times. Liquid metal attack was observed at all temperatures. Ni and Cr were dissolved and Sn reacted at the surface forming stannides with Fe. Up to 450 °C their chemical composition was FeSn2, above this temperature at the border to the steel it changed to FeSn. But, FeSn2 was still detectable up to 595 °C. At 700 °C only stannides with a chemical composition of FeSn were found. The specimens with an exposure time of more than 72 hr were totally dissolved above 676 °C. Tests at 450 °C with different exposure times revealed that the corrosion rate is almost independent on time in the tested region up to 218 hr and increases with temperature. For longer exposure times the corrosion rate (μm/hr) can be described with: y = 5.7E−7(T‐232)2.76. Pre‐oxidation prolongs the incubation time until dissolution starts, but did not prevent dissolution finally.

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“…Although the molten metal provided an excellent heat transfer media, no catalytic effect of tin was observed and the conversion was identical to the gas‐phase thermal reaction. Recently, Geibler et al and Abanades et al reproduced the previous work showing that molten tin was not catalytic for methane pyrolysis. Abanades et al also found that carbon would, as expected, separate to the melt surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Techno‐Economic Analysis of Methane Pyrolysis in Molten Metals: Decarbonizing Natural Gas

Parkinson

Matthews²,

McConnaughy

et al. 2017

Chem Eng & Technol

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Methane pyrolysis using a molten metal process to produce hydrogen is compared to steam methane reforming (SMR) for the industrial production of hydrogen. Capital and operating cost models for pyrolysis and SMR were used to generate cash‐flow and production costs for several different molten pyrolysis systems. The economics were most sensitive to the methane conversion and the value obtained for the solid carbon by‐product. The pyrolysis system at 1500 °C is competitive with a carbon tax of $78 t−1; however, if a catalytic process at 1000 °C were developed using a conventional fired heater, it would be competitive with SMR without a carbon dioxide cost penalty. Several pyrolysis alternatives become competitive with increasing carbon dioxide taxes.

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Experimental investigation and thermo-chemical modeling of methane pyrolysis in a liquid metal bubble column reactor with a packed bed

Cited by 128 publications

References 39 publications

Development of methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology for CO2-free production of hydrogen

Development of methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology for CO2-free production of hydrogen

Corrosion behavior of austenitic steel AISI 316L in liquid tin in the temperature range between 280 and 700 °C

Techno‐Economic Analysis of Methane Pyrolysis in Molten Metals: Decarbonizing Natural Gas

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