Corrosion behavior of austenitic steel AISI 316L in liquid tin in the temperature range between 280 and 700 °C

Abstract

Corrosion behavior of austenitic steel AISI 316L was tested in liquid tin at temperatures between 280 and 700 °C under a reducing atmosphere during different exposure times. Liquid metal attack was observed at all temperatures. Ni and Cr were dissolved and Sn reacted at the surface forming stannides with Fe. Up to 450 °C their chemical composition was FeSn2, above this temperature at the border to the steel it changed to FeSn. But, FeSn2 was still detectable up to 595 °C. At 700 °C only stannides with a chemical composition of FeSn were found. The specimens with an exposure time of more than 72 hr were totally dissolved above 676 °C. Tests at 450 °C with different exposure times revealed that the corrosion rate is almost independent on time in the tested region up to 218 hr and increases with temperature. For longer exposure times the corrosion rate (μm/hr) can be described with: y = 5.7E−7(T‐232)2.76. Pre‐oxidation prolongs the incubation time until dissolution starts, but did not prevent dissolution finally.

Dissimilar Metal Solution from Solid Alloys as Observed for Steels and Nickel‐Based Alloys in the Presence of Lead‐Based Liquid Alloys or Liquid Tin

“…23 At 700°C, FeSn gains in importance for the intermetallic layers that now form along with columnar ferrite. 21,22 From this ferrite, particles pinch off, similar to the situation depicted in Fig. 5c.…”

“…Element transfer from the steel to the intermetallic layers is largely in proportion to the original steel composition. 21,22 Under conditions that result in local initiation of enhanced degradation, pits formed in the steel surface exhibit FeSn 2 dispersed in a network of ferrite or another phase that is rich in Cr and Mo, 23 suggesting that the percolation mechanism was active, at least temporarily. In the center of the pits, it rather is Sn that penetrates this network, unless FeSn 2 formation is not particularly favored, i.e., for liquid Sn not pre-saturated with Fe.…”

“…The influence of oxygen dissolved in the liquid metal as well as the formation of intermetallic compounds is discussed. The observations evaluated with respect to dissimilar metal solution stem from experiments in Pb-based alloys 1,3,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and liquid Sn [20][21][22][23] at 400-750 and 500-1000°C, respectively.…”

Conceptual Design of HFIR Irradiation Experiment for Material Compatibility Study on Liquid Sn Divertor

“…Liquid Sn is extremely corrosive to steels at high temperatures. Steels corrodes in liquid Sn due to the dissolution type corrosion and the formation of intermetallic compounds [4,5].…”

Corrosion Investigations of Materials in Antimony–Tin and Antimony–Bismuth Alloys for Liquid Metal Batteries

“…The used facility for this corrosion test is the COSTA facility in the IHM/KIT (Institute of High power and Microwave Technology/Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) lab [9]. It consists of a furnace, which is applied to regulate the isothermal condition for the exposure, and two separately quartz tubes, which are set inside the furnace.…”