Experimental Infection of Coxiella burnetii in Chicken: Clinical Symptoms, Serologic Response, and Transmission through Egg

Abstract

Young laying hens were infected with Coxiella burnetii to study egg transmission, clinical and serologic responses, excretion of the agent in feces, and its persistence in internal organs. No clinical symptoms were noticed. The birds developed good titers in a capillary agglutination test by 13 days postinfection (DPI), which peaked at 30 DPI and therafter declined gradually, becoming negative in some birds around 90 DPI. In vivo and in vitro egg transmission of the agent could not be demonstrated. C. burnetii was recovered at 90 DPI from spleen and liver but not from kidney and ovary.

Fatal Coxiellosis in Swainson's Blue Mountain Rainbow Lorikeets (Trichoglossus haematodus moluccanus)

“…Birds have been recognized as important wildlife reservoirs for Coxiella , and they have been implicated in the transmission of this organism to humans. 6, 7, 17, 19, 25, 32, 35, 36, 38 They also have been incriminated as a point source of Legionella pneumophila , the causative agent of Legionnaire's disease in humans, and will seroconvert following infection. 17 Nonetheless, clinical disease attributed to Coxiella species or other similar organisms is rare in birds and has been described briefly in one report.…”

Q Fever (Coxiella burnetii): A Blueprint for Outbreaks

“…Since then C. burnetii has been detected in over 40 tick species. Several bird species can also become infected with C. burnetii, as experimentally shown (Schmatz et al 1977a;Sethi et al 1978;Babudieri and Moscovici 1952). Natural infections have been reported in domestic birds and in wild birds Astobiza et al 2011).…”

Investigation of Coxiella burnetii Contamination in Commercial Milk and PCR Method for the Detection of C. burnetii in Egg

“…ῦῢ 30 QQ̮῝ῌ ῪQ` PBS ῦQ Q̯ῢQQ QQQῤ῝̯῍ Breed ̳ῦ̰ΎQQQQQ̰ῧ C. burnetii ῖ`Qῖ῝̯Qῌ PBS ῦ̰Ύ 10 ῼ̰QQQ`Q ῝΅QQQQQQῤ῝̯῍ QΌῨ 500 mL ῦ̯῭̯῭ 3.2 10 0 QῘῪ 3.210 3 Qῌ QQῨ 5 g ῦ̯῭̯῭ 1. 6 10 0 QῘῪ 1.610 4 Qῧ C. burnetii `΅Q῝ῌ QQQ̳ `Q̮ῢ DNA ̰ῑ`Q̮ PCR ῦ̰Ῥ com1 Q`QῧQ ῑῧQQῦ̰ΎQῑQQQῖ`Q̰̯῍ 6. ῖ̮̮ῑ̮ C. burnetii ῒ̰̰̯̯ netii ̰ QῦῖQ̲ῚῩῤ̯ PB ̯Q̱ῚῩ NaCl QQ ̰̲QῙ̲̱ῌ PBS ῎NaCl QQQ 0.14 mol/L῏ ̯Q ̯QQ 2.63 g ̯QῙ῟ῌ NaCl QQ 0.25 mol/L ̯̯ 1.75 g, 0.5 mol/L ̯̯ 0.39 g, 1 mol/L ̯̯ 0.27 g, 2 mol/L ̯̯ 0.38 g ̯̯ῨQ̱QQ̯QQQ̮ Q̯̯Ῡ NaCl QQ̯ 1 mol/L ̯̮῝ (Fig. 1)῍ ῗ̰ῧ̯̲̱̮ ῧQ̲̳̯ bu#er ̯Ῑ῟ 1 mol/L NaCl ̱ PB ̰Q̮Ῡ ῗ̯̯Ῑ῍ ῏̰Q̮̯̱ῢ (n̮5)῍ ̯̰ῢ῭QQ 1 g Ὼῢῲ̰ C. burnetii Q̮QΌ̰ 3.2̮10 1 QῨ ̱̯ῢ (Fig.…”