Experimental induction of heterotopic bone in abdominal implants

Abstract

Induction of bone tissue requires three elements: osteoprogenitor cells, osteoinductive factors, and a supporting extracellular matrix. In this study, we report on an experimental model in dogs of heterotopic bone tissue production, based on the integration of these osteo-inductive factors into abdominal implants. The implants consist of either a type I collagen sponge wrapped with periosteum and omentum or a type I collagen sponge embedded with demineralized bone powder, platelet-rich plasma, thrombin, and calcium chloride wrapped with omentum, with or without periosteum. Automated histomorphometric analysis showed an efficient production of trabecular bone, which corresponded to 50-70% of the total tissue composition 4 months after implant formation. High expression of the osteoinductive cytokines transforming growth factor-beta and bone morphogenetic proteins-2 and -4 was shown by immunohistochemistry in macrophages, endothelial cells from neoformed capillaries, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and the mesenchymal tissue around the bone trabeculae. These approaches are novel and efficient surgical procedures to produce mature trabecular bone that could be used as a potential source of bone tissue for autotransplantation.

Polymerized-Type I Collagen Downregulates Inflammation and Improves Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis Following Arthroscopic Lavage: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

“…Further, polymerized collagen has been shown to have a regenerator effect in experimental induction of heterotopic bone and scleroderma skin lesions [13, 28]. Our findings are in agreement with those studies, for patients under treatment with polymerized-type I collagen who showed lower percentage of IL-1 β - and TNF- α -producing peripheral cells and higher number of IL-10- and Foxp3-expressing cells compared with placebo-treated group.…”

Calcium Sulfate and Platelet-Rich Plasma make a novel osteoinductive biomaterial for bone regeneration

“…A heterotopic bioassay [21,22] was used to test the osteoinductive activity of CS-Platelet (Fig. 2).…”

Platelet-Rich Plasma in Bone Regeneration: Engineering the Delivery for Improved Clinical Efficacy

“…The combination of a collagen type I sponge embedded with demineralized bone powder, PRP, and activation factors (CaCl 2 and thrombin) wrapped with autologous omentum and periosteum induced the high expression of osteoinductive cytokines (TGF- β , BMP-2, and BMP-4) in macrophages, endothelial cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and the local mesenchymal tissue. The combination of these factors within a collagen sponge has the potential to produce mature trabecular bone upon implantation [112]. Although these composite PRP collagen sponges have varying results, none of them have negative effects on bone regeneration which still support the use of these sponges as an alternative bone graft substitute replacing the need for autologous bone harvesting.…”