Experimental in vivo generation of intertypic recombinant strains of HSV in the mouse

Yirrell, David; Rogers, Clare E.; Blyth, W. A.; Hill, Terry

doi:10.1007/bf01309640

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This group of cross-related viruses is unique among alphaherpesviruses. Previously, recombination has been studied in vitro and in vivo between HSV-1 and HSV-2, two closely related human alphaherpesviruses (22,23,61,72), and between HSV-1 and BoHV-2 or HSV-1 and PrV (23). Consequently, the present study completes the previous studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The survival of mutants with relatively short distances between two potential crossovers might be favored. It is noteworthy that all of the recombinants (BoHV-1.2/1.2wt and BoHV-1.2/1.1 included [data not shown]) differ in the particular combination of their phenotypes as previously described in studies dealing with HSV-1/HSV-2 interspecific recombinants (22,23,72). However, according to restriction patterns and antibody analysis, single crossover could be located near the GFP marker (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Recombination was assessed between viruses showing lower and higher sequence homologies than those observed between HSV-1 and HSV-2 and between HSV-1 and BoHV-2. Interspecific recombinant viruses were isolated between HSV-1 and HSV-2, whereas no recombination events were reported between HSV-1 and BoHV-2 or PrV INTERSPECIFIC RECOMBINATION BETWEEN BoHV-1 AND BoHV-5 9833 (22,23,61,72). Despite the higher degree of nucleic acid homology (BoHV-1 and BoHV-5, 82.3%; HSV-1 and HSV-2, 75%), BoHV-5 did not recombine more with BoHV-1 than HSV-1 did with HSV-2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interspecific Recombination between Two Ruminant Alphaherpesviruses, Bovine Herpesviruses 1 and 5

Meurens

Keil

Muylkens

et al. 2004

J Virol

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Homologous recombination between different species of alphaherpesviruses has been described between herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 but has not yet been observed between other alphaherpesviruses. In the present study we chose to assess to what extent in vitro recombination can occur between members of a well-defined group of closely related viruses such as ruminant alphaherpesviruses. At 24 h after infection of epithelial bovine kidney cells with a double-deleted mutant of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) (containing green fluorescent protein and red fluorescent protein genes) and different ruminant alphaherpesviruses, four types of progeny viruses were detected and distinguished according to their phenotype. Frequent recombination events between identical or different strains of BoHV-1 were observed (up to 30%), whereas only two BoHV-1/BoHV-5 recombinants were identified, and no recombinants between BoHV-1 and less closely related caprine and cervine herpesviruses were detected. Restriction analysis of the genomes of the two BoHV-1/BoHV-5 recombinants showed different genetic backgrounds. One possessed a restriction pattern close to BoHV-1, whereas the other one was close to BoHV-5. This exhaustive analysis of each combination of coinfection in a unique situation of five closely related alphaherpesviruses revealed the importance of a high degree of genetic relatedness and similar parental virus growth kinetics for successful interspecific recombination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Interspecific Recombination between Two Ruminant Alphaherpesviruses, Bovine Herpesviruses 1 and 5

Meurens

Keil

Muylkens

et al. 2004

J Virol

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“…Recombination was studied in vitro and in vivo between HSV-1 and HSV-2, which are closely related [15,[66][67][68][69][70], and between HSV-1 and bovine herpesvirus 2 (BoHV-2) or HSV-1 and PrV [67]. Interspecific recombinant viruses were isolated between HSV-1 and HSV-2, while no recombination events were reported between HSV-1 and BoHV-2 or PrV [15,67,68,70]. More recently, recombination was assessed between ruminant alphaherpesviruses, a unique group of related alphaherpesviruses showing lower and higher sequence homologies than those observed between HSV-1/HSV-2 and HSV-1/BoHV-2, respectively (Table 1).…”

Section: Interspecific Recombinantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recombination in alphaherpesviruses

et al. 2005

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Within the Herpesviridae family, Alphaherpesvirinae is an extensive subfamily which contains numerous mammalian and avian viruses. Given the low rate of herpesvirus nucleotide substitution, recombination can be seen as an essential evolutionary driving force although it is likely underestimated. Recombination in alphaherpesviruses is intimately linked to DNA replication. Both viral and cellular proteins participate in this recombination-dependent replication. The presence of inverted repeats in the alphaherpesvirus genomes allows segment inversion as a consequence of specific recombination between repeated sequences during DNA replication. High molecular weight intermediates of replication, called concatemers, are the site of early recombination events. The analysis of concatemers from cells coinfected by two distinguishable alphaherpesviruses provides an efficient tool to study recombination without the bias introduced by invisible or non-viable recombinants, and by dominance of a virus over recombinants. Intraspecific recombination frequently occurs between strains of the same alphaherpesvirus species. Interspecific recombination depends on enough sequence similarity to enable recombination between distinct alphaherpesvirus species. The most important prerequisite for successful recombination is coinfection of the individual host by different virus strains or species. Consequently the following factors affecting the distribution of different viruses to shared target cells need to be considered: dose of inoculated virus, time interval between inoculation of the first and the second virus, distance between the marker mutations, genetic homology, virulence and latency. Recombination, by exchanging genomic segments, may modify the virulence of alphaherpesviruses. It must be carefully assessed for the biosafety of antiviral therapy, alphaherpesvirus-based vectors and live attenuated vaccines.

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“…From the present results it is clear that a second latent infection can be established in a ganglion even with homotypic secondary infection. When secondary infection is with type 2 virus after primary infection with type 1 such mixed latent infections in individual ganglia were more common and analysis of the D N A of the isolates showed that some were recombinants [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Heterotypic and homotypic re-inoculation of mice already latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1

Yirrell

Blyth

Hill

et al. 1990

Archives of Virology

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Mice were infected at 4 weeks of age with a type 1 strain of herpes simplex virus (HSV) and re-infected 4 weeks later with either a type 1 or a type 2 strain of HSV. The virus used for first infection could be distinguished from that used later since it was resistant to phosphonoformic acid and formed syncytial plaques. Sites used for the second inoculation were as follows: at the site of primary infection, at a different site within the same dermatome or in the equivalent dermatome on the opposite side (also called "remote" site). Re-infection caused no detectable reactivation of the latent PFA resistant virus. After re-infection with a homotypic virus replication of the re-infecting virus was limited to the inoculation site. However after heterotypic re-infection the type 2 strain was occasionally isolated from the ganglia. Previous infection with the PFA resistant type 1 strain clearly reduced the ability of the homotypic or heterotypic strains to establish a latent infection. However, in a few animals ganglia were found to be latently infected with virus from both the first and second inoculations. Analysis of the results suggests that resistance to the establishment of a second latent infection in a ganglion is determined by the general immunity of the animal rather than "immunity" of the latently infected ganglion itself.

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Experimental in vivo generation of intertypic recombinant strains of HSV in the mouse

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Interspecific Recombination between Two Ruminant Alphaherpesviruses, Bovine Herpesviruses 1 and 5

Interspecific Recombination between Two Ruminant Alphaherpesviruses, Bovine Herpesviruses 1 and 5

Recombination in alphaherpesviruses

Heterotypic and homotypic re-inoculation of mice already latently infected with herpes simplex virus type 1

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