Experimental Enteric Shigella and Vibrio Infections in Mice and Guinea Pigs

Freter, Rolf

doi:10.1084/jem.104.3.411

Cited by 178 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It has been extensively documented in invertebrate-as well as vertebrate-associated commensal microbial communities (Veivers et al, 1982;Guarner and Malagelada, 2003;Dillon et al, 2005). The notion that colonization resistance could be a crucial component of host defense against pathogens and may be manipulated to the host's advantage makes it the subject of constant investigation for the past few decades (Freter, 1956;Lloyd et al, 1977;Van der Waaij and Van der Waaij, 1990;Rolfe, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The social structure of microbial community involved in colonization resistance

He¹,

McLean

Guo³

et al. 2013

The ISME Journal

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It is well established that host-associated microbial communities can interfere with the colonization and establishment of microbes of foreign origins, a phenomenon often referred to as bacterial interference or colonization resistance. However, due to the complexity of the indigenous microbiota, it has been extremely difficult to elucidate the community colonization resistance mechanisms and identify the bacterial species involved. In a recent study, we have established an in vitro mice oral microbial community (O-mix) and demonstrated its colonization resistance against an Escherichia coli strain of mice gut origin. In this study, we further analyzed the community structure of the O-mix by using a dilution/regrowth approach and identified the bacterial species involved in colonization resistance against E. coli. Our results revealed that, within the O-mix there were three different types of bacterial species forming unique social structure. They act as 'Sensor', 'Mediator' and 'Killer', respectively, and have coordinated roles in initiating the antagonistic action and preventing the integration of E. coli. The functional role of each identified bacterial species was further confirmed by E. coli-specific responsiveness of the synthetic communities composed of different combination of the identified players. The study reveals for the first time the sophisticated structural and functional organization of a colonization resistance pathway within a microbial community. Furthermore, our results emphasize the importance of 'Facilitation' or positive interactions in the development of community-level functions, such as colonization resistance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The social structure of microbial community involved in colonization resistance

He¹,

McLean

Guo³

et al. 2013

The ISME Journal

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“…No indication was given of the sites of implantation in the intestinal tract but streptomycin-resistant Salmonella were frequently cultured from the heart, blood and spleen. Freter (1956) established experimental shigellosis in mice but could find no gross symptoms on autopsy. produced a chronic infection in mice with Shigella dysenteriae 2 and obtained macroscopic and histological evidence of pathological damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both Freter (1956) and observed that the presence in the gut of streptomycin-resistant E. coli caused the elimination of Shigella from faeces and Freter (1956) could not attribute this overgrowth to antibiotic action. The nature ofthe successful coliform colonization is not yet elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental intestinal coliform infections in mice

Ashburner

Mushin

1962

J. Hyg.

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A technique involving the suppression of normal intestinal flora with antibiotics, and the introduction of streptomycin-resistant coliforms was used for the study of infections in mice.It was shown thatEscherichia coli, both the enteropathogenic and normal faecal strains, tend to colonize the upper intestinal tract as well as the lower region. An oral dose of ten or less cells could produce a chronic infection. Infections were asymptomatic even with an initial dose of 109bacteria. There was no indication of growth advantages for enteropathogenic coliforms in competition with normal.

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“…The potent resistance of the gastrointestinal ecosystem of conventional rodents to colonisation with human enteric pathogens such as Shigella¯exneri or Vibrio cholerae has been known for many years [1]. In contrast, the resident digestive microbiota of the major proportion of the human population is not so ef®cient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antagonism against Vibrio cholerae by diffusible substances produced by bacterial components of the human faecal microbiota

Silva¹,

Vieira²,

Dias

et al. 2001

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Cholera vibrios sometimes survive, probably in low-level silent populations, in the small intestine of chronic carriers or pass through the gastrointestinal tract of a few individuals without causing diarrhoea or colonisation. To understand these situations, the present study used plate cultures (ex-vivo test) to investigate the frequency of appearance of an inhibitory halo against Vibrio cholerae produced by faecal specimens from 92 healthy volunteers (40 females, 52 males) aged 4±61 years. The frequency of inhibitory halo was 20.6% in the whole group. An apparently higher percentage (27.3%) was observed in the age range 20±40 years when compared with the range 4±19 years (10.7%), but not the range 41±61 years (20.0%). Frequency was signi®cantly higher in males (30.8%) than females (7.5%). The dominant microbiota of a volunteer whose faeces produced an inhibitory halo was isolated by plate culture of decimal dilutions in an anaerobic chamber. Potential isolates of 26 apparently different morphologies were associated with germ-free NIH mice. One week later, the inhibitory test showed an antagonistic halo around the faeces from the associated animals, but not from the axenic mice. Of the 26 bacteria isolated, two (Lactobacillus sp. and Peptostreptococcus sp.) produced a compound antagonistic against V. cholerae in an in-vitro assay. When biassociated with germ-free mice those strains eliminated the vibrio from the intestinal ecosystem in c. 5 days.

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Experimental Enteric Shigella and Vibrio Infections in Mice and Guinea Pigs

Cited by 178 publications

References 10 publications

The social structure of microbial community involved in colonization resistance

The social structure of microbial community involved in colonization resistance

Experimental intestinal coliform infections in mice

Antagonism against Vibrio cholerae by diffusible substances produced by bacterial components of the human faecal microbiota

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