Experimental determination of thermal conductivity and viscosity of different nanofluids and its effect on a hybrid solar collector

Gangadevi, R.; Vinayagam, B. K.

doi:10.1007/s10973-018-7840-4

Cited by 46 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In the present study, the viscosity of MWCNT-Fe 2 O 3 /DIW nanofluids ranged from 0.65 to 1.36 mPas for the ranges of volume concentration and temperature investigated. This was slightly higher than the range of 0.51 to 1.11 mPas and 0.57 to 1.13 mPas published by Gangadevi and Vinayagam [ 55 ] and Giwa et al [ 48 ] for Al 2 O 3 -CuO/water nanofluid (0.2 vol% and at 20–60 °C) and Al 2 O 3 -Fe 2 O 3 /DIW nanofluid (0.75 vol% and at 20–50 °C).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 56%

Experimental Investigation on Stability, Viscosity, and Electrical Conductivity of Water-Based Hybrid Nanofluid of MWCNT-Fe2O3

et al. 2021

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The superiority of nanofluid over conventional working fluid has been well researched and proven. Newest on the horizon is the hybrid nanofluid currently being examined due to its improved thermal properties. This paper examined the viscosity and electrical conductivity of deionized water (DIW)-based multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-Fe2O3 (20:80) nanofluids at temperatures and volume concentrations ranging from 15 °C to 55 °C and 0.1–1.5%, respectively. The morphology of the suspended hybrid nanofluids was characterized using a transmission electron microscope, and the stability was monitored using visual inspection, UV–visible, and viscosity-checking techniques. With the aid of a viscometer and electrical conductivity meter, the viscosity and electrical conductivity of the hybrid nanofluids were determined, respectively. The MWCNT-Fe2O3/DIW nanofluids were found to be stable and well suspended. Both the electrical conductivity and viscosity of the hybrid nanofluids were augmented with respect to increasing volume concentration. In contrast, the temperature rise was noticed to diminish the viscosity of the nanofluids, but it enhanced electrical conductivity. Maximum increments of 35.7% and 1676.4% were obtained for the viscosity and electrical conductivity of the hybrid nanofluids, respectively, when compared with the base fluid. The obtained results were observed to agree with previous studies in the literature. After fitting the obtained experimental data, high accuracy was achieved with the formulated correlations for estimating the electrical conductivity and viscosity. The examined hybrid nanofluid was noticed to possess a lesser viscosity in comparison with the mono-particle nanofluid of Fe2O3/water, which was good for engineering applications as the pumping power would be reduced.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 56%

Experimental Investigation on Stability, Viscosity, and Electrical Conductivity of Water-Based Hybrid Nanofluid of MWCNT-Fe2O3

et al. 2021

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“…The lowest viscosity was found in the Al 2 O 3 nanofluid made with the largest diameter of particles at 150 nm, which reflects that as particle size increases the viscosity decreases. Gangadevi et al [ 21 ] measured the thermal conductivity and viscosity of Al 2 O 3 –water nanofluids with 50 nm nanoparticles. The measurements were made using a KD2 Pro thermal property analyzer for thermal conductivity and a Brookfield viscometer for viscosity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measurements were also made using a KD2 Pro thermal property analyzer for thermal conductivity and a Brookfield viscometer for viscosity. When comparing the data from Gangadevi et al [ 21 ] to Okonkwo et al [ 40 ], the 29.2 nm nanoparticle size had a higher thermal conductivity and viscosity than the larger nanoparticle size of 50 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the temperature increased, it was seen that the thermal conductivity increased while the viscosity decreased, which was shown in other studies. Gangadevi et al [ 21 ] measured the viscosity and thermal conductivity of Al 2 O 3 , CuO and Al 2 O 3 –CuO hybrid nanofluids with water as a base liquid across temperatures from 20 to 60 °C. As the temperature increased, the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid increased, while the viscosity decreased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity: Review and Optimization of Effects of Nanoparticles

et al. 2021

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This review was focused on expressing the effects of base liquid, temperature, possible surfactant, concentration and characteristics of nanoparticles including size, shape and material on thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids. An increase in nanoparticle concentration can lead to an increase in thermal conductivity and viscosity and an increase in nanoparticle size, can increase or decrease thermal conductivity, while an increase in nanoparticle size decreases the viscosity of the nanofluid. The addition of surfactants at low concentrations can increase thermal conductivity, but at high concentrations, surfactants help to reduce thermal conductivity of the nanofluid. The addition of surfactants can decrease the nanofluid viscosity. Increasing the temperature, increased the thermal conductivity of a nanofluid, while decreasing its viscosity. Additionally, the effects of material of nanoparticles on the thermal conductivity and viscosity of a nanofluid need further investigations. In the case of hybrid nanofluids, it was observed that nanofluids with two different particles have the same trend of behavior as nanofluids with single particles in the regard to changes in temperature and concentration. Additionally, the level of accuracy of existing theoretical models for thermal conductivity and viscosity of nanofluids was examined.

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“…The idea is that the combined thermal properties of both nanoparticles would further enhance the properties of the resultant nanofluids better than when one nanoparticle material is used. Gangadevi and Vinayagam [21], compared the thermal conductivity and viscosity performance of CuO/water, Al 2 O 3 /water and Cuo-Al 2 O 3 /water nanofluids. Their results showed that the thermal conductivity was enhanced at 11.2%, 12.16% and 21% for Al 2 O 3 /water, CuO/water and Cuo-Al 2 O 3 /water nanofluids, respectively, at 0.2% volumetric concentrations of the nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An intelligent approach to predicting the effect of nanoparticle mixture ratio, concentration and temperature on thermal conductivity of hybrid nanofluids

Wole‐Osho

Okonkwo

Adun

et al. 2020

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Hybrid nanofluids are better heat transfer fluids than conventional nanofluids because of the combined properties of two or more nanoparticles. In this study, the thermal conductivity of Al 2 O 3-ZnO nanoparticles suspended in a base fluid of distilled water is investigated. The experiments were conducted for three mixture ratios (1:2, 1:1 and 2:1) of Al 2 O 3-ZnO nanofluid at five different volume concentrations of 0.33%, 0.67%, 1.0%, 1.33% and 1.67%. X-ray diffractometric analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterise the nanoparticles. The highest thermal conductivity enhancement achieved for Al 2 O 3-ZnO hybrid nanofluids with 1:2, 1:1 and 2:1 (Al 2 O 3 :ZnO) mixture ratios was 36%, 35% and 40%, respectively, at volume concentration 1.67%. The study observed the highest thermal conductivity for Al 2 O 3-ZnO nanofluid was achieved at a mixture ratio of 2:1. A "deeping" effect was observed at a mixture ratio of 1:1 representing the lowest value of thermal conductivity within the considered range. The study proposed and compared three models for obtaining the thermal conductivity of Al 2 O 3-ZnO nanofluids based on temperature, volume concentration and nanoparticle mixture ratio. A polynomial correlation model, the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system model and an artificial neural network model optimised with three different learning algorithms. The adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system model was most accurate in forecasting the thermal conductivity of the Al 2 O 3-ZnO hybrid nanofluid with an R 2 value of 0.9946.

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Experimental determination of thermal conductivity and viscosity of different nanofluids and its effect on a hybrid solar collector

Cited by 46 publications

References 49 publications

Experimental Investigation on Stability, Viscosity, and Electrical Conductivity of Water-Based Hybrid Nanofluid of MWCNT-Fe2O3

Experimental Investigation on Stability, Viscosity, and Electrical Conductivity of Water-Based Hybrid Nanofluid of MWCNT-Fe2O3

Thermal Conductivity and Viscosity: Review and Optimization of Effects of Nanoparticles

An intelligent approach to predicting the effect of nanoparticle mixture ratio, concentration and temperature on thermal conductivity of hybrid nanofluids

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