Experimental demonstration of chemical-looping combustion of syngas in packed bed reactors with ilmenite

Gallucci, Fausto; Hamers, H.P.; Zanten, M. van; Annaland, Martin van Sint

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2015.03.081

Cited by 53 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In addition, the air reactor in CLC is operated at relatively low temperatures using flameless “combustion” of the reduced oxygen carriers, which leads to significantly reduced NO x production, thereby eliminating the need for selective catalytic reduction (SCR). These distinct advantages offered by CLC have spurred extensive research and development activities over the past two decades, both in terms of oxygen carrier development and process scale up and demonstration …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane: A Chemical Looping Approach

et al. 2016

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The current study investigates a chemical‐looping‐based oxidative dehydrogenation (CL‐ODH) concept for ethane‐to‐ethylene conversion. In this cyclic redox scheme, an oxide‐based redox catalyst is used to selectively combust hydrogen from ethane dehydrogenation. As the hydrogen product limits ethane conversion, in situ oxidation of hydrogen enhances the ethane conversion and ethylene yield. Moreover, heat required in ODH is compensated by re‐oxidation of the oxygen‐deprived redox catalyst, enabling auto‐thermal operation for the overall process. Compared to steam cracking, CL‐ODH can potentially achieve higher efficiency with lower CO2 and NOx emissions. Silica and magnesia‐supported manganese oxides are investigated. It is determined that unpromoted Mn/SiO2 and Mn/MgO redox catalysts exhibit low selectivity towards ethylene. The addition of promoters such as sodium and tungsten renders effective redox catalysts with satisfactory activity, selectivity, oxygen carrying capacity, and redox stability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane: A Chemical Looping Approach

et al. 2016

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“…A second set of effective kinetic parameters specifically applicable to PBCLC has recently been published by Gallucci et al . and is implemented herein by using Equations (7)–:

true R_{normali}^{H} = - \frac{1}{V} \frac{normald N_{i}}{normald t} = α_{s} C_{s} \frac{1}{b} \frac{normald X}{normald t} = \frac{\frac{3 α_{s}}{r_{0}} ((), \frac{Y_{normali} ρ_{normalg}}{M_{i}})}{(\frac{1}{k} {(1 - X)}^{- 2 / 3} + \frac{r_{0}}{D} {(1 - X)}^{- 1 / 3} - \frac{r_{0}}{D})}

true k = \frac{k_{0}}{P^{δ}} e^{(\frac{- E_{A}}{R T})}

true D = D_{0} e^{(\frac{- E_{D}}{R T})} e^{(- k_{x} X)}

…”

Section: Reactor Modeling Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ilmenite has been shown to catalyze the WGS reaction and kinetics of this reaction has recently been determined . It is not yet known how the catalytic activity of ilmenite varies with the oxygen carrier conversion, but this study assumes that the catalytic reaction rate is proportional to the degree of oxygen carrier reduction [Eqs.…”

Section: Reactor Modeling Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thep article porosity and tortuosityw ere set to e s = 0.3 and t = 2, respectively. Thee ffectiveness factor (h < 1) resulting from this model is then multiplied by the reaction rate given in Equation (1) As econds et of effectivek inetic parameters specifically applicable to PBCLCh as recently been published by Gallucci et al [12] and is implementedh erein by using Equations (7)-(9):…”

Section: Equation Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gas Switching as a Practical Alternative for Scaleup of Chemical Looping Combustion

et al. 2016

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Gas‐fueled chemical looping combustion (CLC) requires high‐pressure operation to achieve competitive electric efficiencies. This work evaluates and compares two reactor concepts specially designed to reduce scaleup challenges under pressurized conditions: packed‐bed chemical looping combustion (PBCLC) and fluidized‐bed gas switching combustion (GSC). These concepts keep the oxygen carrier in a single dynamically operated reactor alternatively fed with air and fuel. Both concepts have been experimentally demonstrated and shown to achieve competitive performance in terms of electrical efficiency and CO2 avoidance. However, the PBCLC concept holds the greatest fundamental promise due to its behavior as a plug flow reactor. Substantial further material development and testing will be required to realize this potential. The GSC concept does not face such material‐related challenges, but requires reactor or plant modifications to achieve a performance that is competitive with the PBCLC concept.

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“…Energy supply is one of the world's most concerning problems with respect to the theme of sustainable development in the 21 st century (Gallucci et al 2015). With fossil fuel supplies dwindling, biomass energy reserves, as a kind of alternative energy, have received much attention because of their advantages, including being renewable nature and having enormous reserves, which are both necessary for sustainable development (Chinese Ministry of Agriculture & US Department Energy 1998; Song et al 2004;Japan Institute of Energy 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distribution of Bio-Oil Components with the Effects of Sub/Supercritical Ethanol and Free Radicals during Cellulose Liquefaction

Xie

Tang

et al. 2016

BioResources

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Hydroxyl radicals (HO•) and hydrogen radicals (H•) produced from sub/supercritical ethanol have an obvious contribution on cellulose liquefaction for bio-oil production. Salicylic acid was employed as the HO• trap and CCl4 was employed as the H• trap to investigate the role of HO• and H• on the formation pathways of dominant chemical components in bio-oil during cellulose liquefaction in sub/supercritical ethanol (mostly ketones and esters). The yield of bio-oil decreased from 24.7% to 20.7% with the addition of CCl4, while the bio-oil yield increased from 29.3% to 47.9% with the addition of salicylic acid. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry results showed that the yields of ketones, esters, and phenols in the bio-oil were 22.3%, 8.8%, and 4.7%, respectively, without salicylic acid or CCl4. The highest yields of esters and phenols increased to 21.6% and 36.9%, respectively, in the presence of salicylic acid. The yield of ketones decreased to 14.1%. Experimental data indicated that the cleavage of C-O-C and C-C bonds in the cornstalk cellulose initially generated many active cellulose fragments. Then, platform chemicals were formed from these fragments through aromatization, isomerization, aldol condensation, Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, and trans-Diels-Alder ringopening with the redox of HO• and H•.

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Experimental demonstration of chemical-looping combustion of syngas in packed bed reactors with ilmenite

Cited by 53 publications

References 15 publications

Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane: A Chemical Looping Approach

Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane: A Chemical Looping Approach

Gas Switching as a Practical Alternative for Scaleup of Chemical Looping Combustion

The Distribution of Bio-Oil Components with the Effects of Sub/Supercritical Ethanol and Free Radicals during Cellulose Liquefaction

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