Experimental demonstration of a graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulator

Hao, Ran; Jiao, Jianyao; Peng, Xiliang; Zhang, Zheng; Dagarbek, Rakhatbek; Zou, Yijun; Li, Er‐Ping

doi:10.1364/ol.44.002586

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Up to now, besides the traditional modulators (electro‐optic, thermo‐optic, terahertz, plasmonic), all‐optical modulators based on layered materials, including graphene, phosphorene, and 2D boron, have also developed rapidly. In these devices, by tuning the carrier density via electrical or optical means that modify their physical properties, optical response of the layered materials can be instantly changed, thus making them versatile nanostructures for optical modulation.…”

Section: Novel Optical Devices Using 2d Layered Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Guo

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

404

197

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In recent years, 2D layered materials, including graphene, topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, MXenes, graphitic carbon nitride, and metal‐organic frameworks, have attracted considerable interest due to their potential applications in the fields of physics, chemistry, biology, and energy. Their rise in the field of nonlinear photonics began around 2009 and has become an important research direction. Here, the synthesis techniques, nonlinear optical properties, integration strategies, and device applications of layered materials are reviewed. In terms of nonlinear optical properties, the focus is on saturable absorption and Kerr nonlinearity. On this basis, their applications in various pulsed lasers, including fiber lasers, solid‐state lasers, waveguide lasers, and related nonlinear optical phenomenon, are summarized. In addition, novel optical devices using layered materials, such as optical modulators, optical polarizers, optical switchers, and even all‐optical device, are also involved. It is believed that the development of 2D layered materials in the field of photonics will continue to deepen, thus laying a good foundation for its practical application.

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Section: Novel Optical Devices Using 2d Layered Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Guo

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2019

Laser & Photonics Reviews

404

197

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[22][23][24] Among these materials, graphene, a single atom thick carbon sheet with atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure, was first studied for integrated optoelectronic devices due to its excellent optical and electrical properties. [25][26][27][28][29] A mono-graphene layer has a constant absorption of 2.3% over a wide wavelength range, from infrared to visible. Graphene also has a high carrier mobility (200 000 cm 2 V −1 s −1 at room temperature), which is about two orders of magnitude higher than that of silicon.…”

Section: Graphene On Siliconmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Photonic Platform for Passive Waveguide Devices: Materials, Fabrication, and Applications

Zhang

Qiu

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Technologies

135

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Silicon photonics has attracted tremendous interest from academia and industry, as the fabrication of the silicon family of photonic devices is mostly compatible with the microelectronics process using complementary metal‐oxide semiconductors (CMOS). Herein, three silicon‐family materials are discussed: silicon, silicon nitride, and silica. In addition, hybrid integration with a 2D material, graphene, is examined. First, the material and waveguide properties are reviewed. Second, typical fabrication processes for waveguide devices are introduced. Subsequently, a variety of passive waveguide devices, operating at different physical dimensions covering wavelength, polarization, and mode, are discussed. They correspond to fixed and tunable filters, polarization beam splitters and rotators, and mode conversion and multiplexing devices. These passive waveguide devices play important roles in a wide range of applications including telecom, interconnects, computing, sensing, quantum information processing, bio‐photonics, and energy.

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“…Light coupling input/output of the modulator can be realized by conventional waveguide grating couplers, which couples lights through the Bragg diffraction of grating if the light incidents on the grating with a specific angle [54]. After lights are coupled into the modulator, the orthogonal HPWs confines the optical mode field to the size of subwavelength to enhance the light-graphene interaction, and the optical absorption changes with the shift of the chemical potential μ c adjusted by external voltages.…”

Section: Design Of the Gosm With Orthogonal Hpwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband graphene-on-silicon modulator with orthogonal hybrid plasmonic waveguides

Yang

Liu

et al. 2020

Nanophotonics

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Graphene, a two-dimensional nanomaterial, possess unique photoelectric properties that have potential application in designing optoelectronic devices. The tunable optical absorption is one of the most exciting properties that can be used to improve the performance of silicon modulators. However, the weak light–matter interaction caused by the size mismatch between the optical mode fields and graphene makes the graphene-on-silicon modulator (GOSM) has large footprint and high energy consumption, limiting the enhancement of modulation efficiency. Here, we propose a broadband GOSM with orthogonal hybrid plasmonic waveguides (HPWs) at near-infrared wavelengths. The orthogonal HPWs are designed to compress the interaction region of optical fields and enhance the light-graphene interaction. The results show that the GOSM has a modulation depth of 26.20 dB/μm, a footprint of 0.33 μm2, a 3 dB modulation bandwidth of 462.77 GHz, and energy consumption of 2.82 fJ/bit at 1.55 μm. Even working at a broad wavelength band ranging from 1.3 to 2 μm, the GOSM also has a modulation depth of over 8.58 dB/μm and energy consumption of below 4.97 fJ/bit. It is anticipated that with the excellent modulation performance, this GOSM may have great potential in broadband integrated modulators, on-chip optical communications and interconnects, etc.

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Experimental demonstration of a graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulator

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

2D Layered Materials: Synthesis, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Device Applications

Silicon Photonic Platform for Passive Waveguide Devices: Materials, Fabrication, and Applications

Broadband graphene-on-silicon modulator with orthogonal hybrid plasmonic waveguides

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