Experimental Data on Chemical Equilibrium in the System with Ethyl Formate Synthesis Reaction at 298.15 K

Abstract

Chemical equilibrium (CE) in the quaternary reacting system formic acid−ethanol−ethyl formate−water was experimentally studied at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. The CE compositions were determined by gas chromatography analysis. The obtained data gave an opportunity to present the disposition of the surface of CE in a composition tetrahedron. The constants of CE ("concentration" and thermodynamic) were determined on the base of experimental data and UNIFAC model.

Peculiarities of Chemical Equilibria in Acetic Acid–n-Butyl Alcohol–n-Butyl Acetate–Water System at 318.15 K and 101.3 kPa

“…For a better visual perception in a shifting of the K c on the concentration, diagram (Figure 3) of the dependence of the K c on the αvariables were built. 25,29,31 These diagrams also reflect isolines of K c (the right part of Figure 3) where K c does not change.…”

“…Based on the results obtained in the homogeneous region of the compositions of chemically equilibrium mixtures for system under study, a concentration constants ( K c ) were calculated to find a dependence of K c on concentrations K normalc = x normale normals normalt normale normalr x normalw normala normalt normale normalr x normala normalc normali normald x normala normall normalc normalo normalh normalo normall where x i are concentrations (mole fractions). For a better visual perception in a shifting of the K c on the concentration, diagram (Figure ) of the dependence of the K c on the α-variables were built. ,, These diagrams also reflect isolines of K c (the right part of Figure ) where K c does not change.…”

“…The principle of studying CE is similar to the technique of carrying out similar experiments described in our earlier articles. − Two chemical reactions take place in the system: acid + alcohol and ether + water. The remaining four binary subsystems are non-reactive.…”

“…Note that the thermodynamic constant K a is independent of composition of a solution under study. Spread of K a values may be due to the choice of the thermodynamic model for simulation 11 or to the minimum values of concentrations of the components using for calculations, 25 we mean points of compositions lying near faces and edges of the composition tetrahedron. It is particularly problematic to avoid this concentration diapason during experiment because of the presence of a sufficiently wide range of heterogeneous compositions on the surface of CE for the system under study under given external conditions.…”

Separation and Purification of Methyl Isobutyl Ketone from Acetone + Isopropanol + Water + Methyl Isobutyl Ketone + Methyl Isobutyl Carbinol + Diisobutyl Ketone Mixture

“…The study of the VLE diagram was based on thermodynamic-topological analysis. This method is well-known and widely used to study the phase behavior of quaternary mixtures. − …”