Experimental Characterization of Aerosol Production, Transport, Vaporization, and Atomization Systems. Part I: Factors Controlling Aspiration Rates

Abstract

This paper describes the results of the first stage of an investigation designed to extend present knowledge of the factors affecting aerosol production, transport, vaporization, and atomization in analytical spectroscopy systems. It focuses on factors controlling aspiration of aqueous solutions. The results demonstrate that the effect of gas flow on the pressure drop induced at the tip of the solution draw tube can be described by a simple linear equation; that the relationship between gas flow rate and solution nebulization rate can also be modelled by a simple equation; and that these relationships are not adequately represented by the Hagen-Poiseulle equation, as is often claimed.

Elemental matrix effects in ICP-AES

“…The interference of phosphate on calcium absorbance has been widely studied in FAAS by using a cascade impactor. 40 Skogerboe and Freeland 41,42 showed that the mass median equivalent diameters (MMED) of the aerosols entering the flame depended on the concentration and composition of the sample. Thus, these diameters were 1.28 and 0.9 mm for a calcium solution without and with phosphate in a 2.9 PO 4 32 : Ca 2z molar ratio, respectively.…”