Experimental assessment of the shield-to-salt-fog properties of basalt and glass fiber reinforced composites in cork core sandwich panels applications

Scalici, T.; Fiore, Vincenzo; Valenza, A.

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.02.021

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These core materials are usually made from a less expensive material having a lower strength compared to the face sheets but providing effective overall load distribution and increasing the moment of inertia, which reduces stresses. Sandwich composites have provided a remedy for weight and flexural strength challenges in multiple sectors like aerospace, marine, automotive and architecture during the last few decades . A general representation of a sandwich structure is shown in Figure .…”

Section: Sandwich Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, face sheets have outstanding load‐bearing capabilities especially in the case of bending loads. In a sandwich structure, the major portion of the overall bending load is carried by the face sheets made up of materials such as metals or composites that provide high bending stiffness . The face sheets of a sandwich structures are shown in Figure .…”

Section: Sandwich Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PUFs are also characterized as traditional core materials for sandwich structures, which usually consist of upper and lower face sheets that are bonded together with a core material. These sandwich structures are used for numerous applications in the aerospace, marine, automotive, insulated sandwich panel, shipbuilding and construction industries and the blades of ocean current turbines . In recent years, researchers have reinforced polyurethanes (PUs) with different reinforcing agents such as nanofillers and have successfully improved the properties of the resulting PU nanocomposites .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review on recent advances in sandwich structures based on polyurethane foam cores

et al. 2020

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Sandwich composites with a polyurethane foam (PUF) core have become a versatile set of materials with applications ranging from basic construction elements to advanced engineering materials. This diverse range of applications has provided these sandwich materials with a distinctive position in today's engineering world. This review focuses on the broad research that has been carried out on PUF core‐based sandwich composites over the years—especially in the last decade. Thorough details have been presented focusing on basic PUF core sandwich structures, advanced PUF core sandwich composites with different kinds of reinforcements and complex structures such as hybrid sandwich panels. All the research presented here has been categorized carefully, such as the types of materials used in various studies, the types of reinforcements and testing techniques used, including mechanical, electrical, dynamic, thermal and acoustic methods etc. Comparisons have also been made based on similar materials, similar testing procedures and similar application areas. Research areas have been highlighted by giving a deep insight into the most promising research, manufacturing techniques and improvement procedures. Major consumption areas and application sectors for PUF core sandwich composites have also been discussed in this review. Finally, conclusions have been made based on the results found from a literature investigation.

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Section: Sandwich Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sandwich Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review on recent advances in sandwich structures based on polyurethane foam cores

et al. 2020

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“…These factors, together with its environmentally friendly nature, mean it displays significant potential as a competitor or replacement of glass fibres and a new fibre for various applications. As a result basalt fibres have been the focus of recent research with an aim to identify their potential applications [4,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] In recent years, particular attention has been paid to thermoplastic matrices due to their low cost, good mechanical properties and recyclability with studies showing the potential of basalt fibre thermoplastics over glass [4,10,14]. However, it has been demonstrated that in order to achieve efficient reinforcement of thermoplastics, adhesion between basalt fibre and the thermoplastic matrix needs to be improved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of fibre sizing on the modification of basalt fibre surface in preparation for bonding to polypropylene

Ralph

Lemoine

Boyd

et al. 2019

Applied Surface Science

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In this study, the effect of fibre sizing on the modification of basalt fibres in preparation for use with a polypropylene matrix (PP) was investigated. Fibres were coated by the manufacturer with a standard available epoxy (EP) sizing and four experimental PP focused sizings (PPs1-4). Fibre with no sizing was produced to act as a control. The surface topography of sized fibre was analysed by SEM and AFM, indicating that PP sized fibres displayed a more inhomogeneous coating of the fibre. Furthermore, PP sizing resulted in an increase in AFM measured roughness by ~360%, translating to a 12.5% increase in surface area, over both unsized and EP fibres. Scratching of the fibre surface revealed, that in general, the coating thickness of PP was ~ 30nm thicker than EP sizing despite the same application parameters. XPS revealed that the sizing in all cases adhered to the fibre surface with an increase in potential reactive sites present on PP sized fibres. Analysis of fibre surface energy showed that the overall surface energy of fibres remained similar but the use of PP focused sizing resulted in a decrease of the polar component. Overall, this investigation shows that sizing has a significant effect on the fibre's surface: changing its topography and chemistry and hence, has an evident potential for increased mechanical and chemical bonding. This was further confirmed by single fibre fragmentation testing which highlighted that sizings PPs2-4 increase the interfacial shear strength by up to 117% compared to non-sized fibres.

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“…These factors, together with its environmentally friendly nature [25], mean it displays significant potential as a competitor or replacement of glass fibres and a new fibre for various applications. As a result, short and continuous basalt fibres have been the focus of recent research with an aim to identify their potential applications [12,21,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships among the chemical, mechanical and geometrical properties of basalt fibers

Ralph

Lemoine²,

Summerscales

et al. 2018

Textile Research Journal

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We investigated the chemical, mechanical and geometrical properties of basalt fibers from three different commercial manufacturers and compared the results with those from an industry standard glass fiber. The chemical composition of the fibers was investigated by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, which showed that basalt and glass fibers have a similar elemental composition, with the main difference being variations in the concentrations of primary elements. A significant correlation between the ceramic content of basalt and its tensile properties was demonstrated, with a primary dependence on the Al2O3 content. Single fiber tensile tests at various lengths and two-way ANOVA revealed that the tensile strength and modulus were highly dependent on fiber length, with a minor dependence on the manufacturer. The results showed that basalt has a higher tensile strength, but a comparable modulus, to E-Glass. Considerable improvements in the quality of manufacturing basalt fibers over a three-year period were demonstrated through geometrical analysis, showing a reduction in the standard deviation of the fiber diameter from 1.33 to 0.61, comparable with that of glass fibers at 0.67. Testing of single basalt fibers with diameters of 13 and 17 µm indicated that the tensile strength and modulus were independent of diameter after an improvement in the consistency of fiber diameter, in line with that of glass fibers.

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Experimental assessment of the shield-to-salt-fog properties of basalt and glass fiber reinforced composites in cork core sandwich panels applications

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

A review on recent advances in sandwich structures based on polyurethane foam cores

A review on recent advances in sandwich structures based on polyurethane foam cores

The effect of fibre sizing on the modification of basalt fibre surface in preparation for bonding to polypropylene

Relationships among the chemical, mechanical and geometrical properties of basalt fibers

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