Experimental assessment of cycling ageing of lithium-ion second-life batteries from electric vehicles

Braco, Elisa; Martín, Idoia San; Berrueta, Alberto; Sanchís, Pablo

doi:10.1016/j.est.2020.101695

Cited by 80 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…An equivalent full cycle (EFC) means that the total discharge electricity is equal to the nominal capacity. [16] Evolution When Working Range Is Inconsistent: For a series module, the inconsistent operating range of the cells can be represented by SOC M and ΔDOD. To study the influence of different SOC M and ΔDOD on the evolution of module performance and inconsistency, an experimental matrix is designed and shown in Table 3.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation on Cell Performance and Inconsistency Evolution of Series and Parallel Lithium‐Ion Battery Modules

et al. 2021

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Lithium‐ion battery cells are usually connected in series or parallel to form modules to meet power and energy requirements for specific applications. Inconsistency of the cells’ performance, i.e., capacity and internal resistance, is initially formed during production. Then the inconsistency evolves in the lifespan. Herein, the performance and inconsistency evolution of the series and parallel modules for the design and management guide are investigated. A quantitative analysis of the performance and inconsistency is made. The performance and inconsistency evolution are investigated experimentally. Based on it, the trend judgment of the inconsistency evolution is derived. It is found that the cell performance in series modules is self‐divergent, especially in the later stage of the aging process. And the divergence becomes more severe with an unreasonable equalization, such as the traditional cell voltage equalization. Equalization of the cell performance is needed to cut off the vicious circle. For the parallel module, self‐convergence of the performance exists. The better‐performing cells in the module withstand a larger current, making their performance decay faster and finally becoming consistent with the cells with worse initial performance. Meanwhile, the parallel module performance also decays significantly. Therefore, maintaining the cells’ consistency is still necessary for the parallel modules.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combining Equation ( 14) and ( 15), the simplified condition for the deterioration of capacity consistency is as Equation (16).…”

Section: Analysis Of Battery Module Inconsistency Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Cell Performance and Inconsistency Evolution of Series and Parallel Lithium‐Ion Battery Modules

et al. 2021

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“…Lithium‐ion battery abuse testing to ensure safety, performance and durability [ 96,106 ] as well as the ageing of lithium‐ion batteries [ 107–115 ] are other key areas of research, but are beyond the scope of this review.…”

Section: Potential Applications and Future Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Storage Structural Composites with Integrated Lithium‐Ion Batteries: A Review

Galos

Pattarakunnan

Best

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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Integration of lithium‐ion batteries into fiber‐polymer composite structures so as to simultaneously carry mechanical loads and store electrical energy offer great potential to reduce the overall system weight. Herein, recent progresses in integration methods for achieving high mechanical efficiencies of embedding commercial lithium‐ion batteries inside composite materials are reviewed. The manufacturing techniques used to fabricate energy storage structural composites are discussed together with a comparison of their mechanical properties, energy storage capacity, and electrical performance. The mechanical performance of energy storage composites containing lithium‐ion batteries depends on many factors, including manufacturing method, materials used, structural design, and bonding between the structure and the integrated batteries. Energy storage composites with integrated lithium‐ion pouch batteries generally achieve a superior balance between mechanical performance and energy density compared to other commercial battery systems. Potential applications are presented for energy storage composites containing integrated lithium‐ion batteries including automotive, aircraft, spacecraft, marine and sports equipment. Opportunities and challenges in fabrication methods, mechanical characterizations, trade‐offs in engineering design, safety, and battery subcomponents are also discussed.

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“…This type of batteries can be rebuilt [83], used again for other purposes such as energy storage from renewable sources [6] or recycled [7]. Given the cost of battery production reaching 35% of the final price of the vehicle, the fact of its further life is significant [36] and the assessment of the aging process is a subject of research [3,30]. The application of batteries of lower capacity in vehicles without a significant reduction of the vehicle range is possible by the application of light materials such as aluminum and carbon fiber reinforced plastic for their production [31].…”

Section: The Em Is Installed Between Ce and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The possibility of energy consumption reduction using the ECO driving mode based on the RDC test

Cieślik¹,

Szwajca²,

Golimowski³

2020

Combustion Engines

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The greenhouse effect and overall climate changes are the main reasons for developing ecological powertrain units dedicated to road vehicles. An electrical drivetrain without using conventional combustion engines fueled by hydrocar-bon fuels is an effective method to significantly reduce CO2 emissions from the fleet. It is particularly vital in 2020 emis-sion regulations aspects, and continuously the number of vehicles increasing. In this paper battery electric drive system of a small size passenger car was analyzed in terms of two different drive modes in cooperation with two recuperative braking modes. The research was carried out with real driving condition test requirements and driving parameters re-cording. Based on data obtained from OBD signals, energy flow and torque distribution have been specified. In results, overall reducing energy consumption has been achieved with ECO mode compared to normal mode. Selection of the driving mode ECO has a positive impact on reducing the state of charge saving more than 5%, taking into account the whole RDC test; greater energy consumption reductions were observed in selected test areas.

show abstract

Experimental assessment of cycling ageing of lithium-ion second-life batteries from electric vehicles

Cited by 80 publications

References 38 publications

Investigation on Cell Performance and Inconsistency Evolution of Series and Parallel Lithium‐Ion Battery Modules

Investigation on Cell Performance and Inconsistency Evolution of Series and Parallel Lithium‐Ion Battery Modules

Energy Storage Structural Composites with Integrated Lithium‐Ion Batteries: A Review

The possibility of energy consumption reduction using the ECO driving mode based on the RDC test

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