“…The numerous methods used to treat dye -loaded effluents can be divided into three categories: chemical (e.g., oxidation, photochemical), physical (e.g., adsorption, membrane filtration, ion exchange) and biological (e.g., aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation) [6][7][8][9]. Among them, adsorption has been found to be superior to others in terms of its simplicity, low cost, acceptable removal efficiency and ease of operation.…”