Experiment on constancy of velocity of electromagnetic radiation

Abstract

An experime nt by I\:a nt o J', r ep o rt in g res ul ts in s ha r p contr a dictio n to E instein 's Seco nd Post ul ate, wa s repeated using t he co here nt li g ht of a laser. The res ults were fo un d to be consistent w ith t lw S pecial Th co ry of R elat ivi t.v . It IS co ncluded that t ile ballist ic hy pothes Is of li O'h t pro pagat io n d isrega rdin g t he ef1'rct of ail' is in co rrect. It is poin t ed o ut t hat t he d ire;t experim entn l e vidence in fa vor of E in stein 's Seco nd P ostulate is s ur p ri sin gly meage r a nd f urth er experi ments t o con firm o r rej ect t he ballistic h y pothesis a re envisaged.

Test of the constancy of the velocity of electromagnetic radiation in high vacuum

“…5). This is co ns istent with previous experiments [Babcock and Bergman, 1964;Beckmann and Mandics, 1964;Rotz, 1963].…”

“…Rece ntly, Kantor [1962] reported an optical experiment performed in air, sharply contradic ting (4) and consistent with (5). The e xperiment meas ured the fringe shift observed in a Fizeau interferometer, the reflected a nd transmitted rays being, by hypothesis, accelerated and decelerated res pectively b y rotating glass window s. However, repetitions of the experi ment by Babcock and Bergman [1964] and (in coherent light) by Beckmann and Mandics [1964] indicated that Kantor's result was e rroneous , res ults consistent with (4) being obtained.…”

Ritz Is Wrong

“…Tolman, (29) Bonch-Bruevich and Molchanov, (30) and Beckmann and Mandics (31) could find no difference in the velocity of light due to the approaching and receding velocities of the limbs of the rotating Sun using a Lloyd's mirror. They could not confirm the Ritz theory.…”

The photon and its measurability

“…The Principal Axioms, which are the rules for applying the Galilean transformations, were mathematically illustrated on the past century of velocity of light experiments, to include the Beckmann and Mandics Lloyd Mirror experiment [4] of 1965, the Babcock and Bergman rotating mirror experiment [5] of 1964, which was repeated by Beckmann and Mandics [6]in 1964, Rotz [7], and James and Sternberg [8] performed variations of this experiment. One of the most important experiments was performed by Albert A. Michelson [9], who acted alone, where two mirrors rotated about a common center inside of an optical loop.…”