Experiences with the Extra- to Intracranial Bypass in the Surgical Management of Cerebral Aneurysms (9 cases)

The branching pattern of the middle cerebral artery: is the intermediate trunk real or not? An anatomical study correlating with simple angiography

“…This information will be useful for the surgeon, particularly in extra-and intracranial bypass operations, in determining the surgeon's approach and identifying the branch more suitable for bypass. 6,18,39 Middle cerebral artery aneurysms constitute a substantial percentage of cranial aneurysms. 1,2,13,23,24,26,33,38 Considering that these aneurysms particularly occur at the bifurcation site, the importance of thorough knowl-edge regarding the arterial anatomy, trunk structures, cortical branches originating from the separation point, and their interrelations in this region is obvious.…”

Extracranial-intracranial bypass for ischemic cerebrovascular disease: what have we learned from the Carotid Occlusion Surgery Study?

“…38 Other surgical case series (from the same time period) that included between 100 and 415 patients undergoing STA-MCA bypass operations reported perioperative ischemic stroke rates and mortality rates of 2%-3.6% and 1.2%-3%, respectively. 8,35,52 In a more recent series of 47 patients undergoing STA-MCA cortical branch anastomosis for symptoms related to hemodynamic cerebral ischemia, perioperative rates of morbidity, permanent neurological impairment, and mortality were reported to be 25.5%, 6.4%, and 2.1%, respectively. 40 In 2004, Mendelowitsch et al 29 published their results on 73 EC-IC bypass operations in patients with symptomatic atherosclerotic ICA occlusion.…”