Experience of the Oxford Tumour Marker

Detection of Ca antigen in sera from normal individuals and patients with benign and malignant breast disease

“…The possibility that measurement of Ca levels in sequential serum samples may be of prognostic value in individual patients cannot be excluded. Similar results have been reported in a study using a polyclonal antibody in which the circulating levels of human mammary epithelial antigens (HME-Ags) in patients with breast disease were investigated (Ceriani et al, 1982 (Simpson et al, 1983;Beckford et al, 1984). Comparison of circulating and tissue Ca antigen in individual patients performed in this study showed that Ca antigen was present in almost all' tissues irrespective of the histological classification and that an extensive tissue distribution was not associated with elevated levels of circulating antigen.…”

“…It is conceivable that monoclonal antibodies of restricted epitope specificity may improve diagnostic discrimination. Monoclonal Ca 1 antibody which defines a mucin type glycoprotein has been reported to react selectively in immunohistochemical studies with malignant lesions taken from a variety of tissues Woods et al, 1982), although more recent studies have shown that reactivity is not exclusive to malignant lesions of the'breast (Simpson et al, 1983;Beckford & Chantler, 1984;Beckford et al, 1985).…”

Advanced methods in the evaluation of premalignant lesions and carcinomas of the oral mucosa

“…The detection of the Ca-1-antibody and the Ca-antigen (Ashall et al 1982, McGee et al 1982), a glycoprotein with a high carbohydrate content, on cell membranes of a variety of malignant cells, but not on nortnal cells, seemed to be a tnajor breakthrough for the immunohistochemicai detection of cancer. However, subseqticnt studies revealed litnitations in the diagnosis of breast and cervical earcinotnas (Krau.szet al 1983, Simpson et al 1983. Shabana et al (1938) studied a number of oral lesions.…”