The search for “mesenchymal stem cells, glioma, and treatment”
showed 446 articles in PubMed on December 18, 2019. The results
of scientific research presented in articles by professionals on
oncological topics focus on the problem of malignancy of brain
tumors and early detection of neoplasms in brain. The degree of
glioblastoma’s (GB) malignancy is determined by the content of
cancer stem cells, identification of transcription factors, for example,
OLIG2, cyclin D2 (CCND2) [1]. The complexity of therapy in
glioblastomas is largely determined by tumor heterogeneity and
insoluble problem of complete removal of tumor cells during
surgery. These facts are the basis for accurate identification of cells
in GB by sequencing in order to personalize combined therapy
and increase effectiveness of antitumor therapy. Unfortunately,
the effectiveness of gliomas’ treatment and, especially treatment
of grade IV glioblastoma, is premature to state, given the statistics
of mortality from this pathology [1-3]. New innovative solutions
are needed in this field of oncology. Positive results of cell therapy
of brain tumors in experimental and clinical conditions are among
these solutions. Articles have been published that contain analyses of
the studies of authors who introduced umbilical cord mesenchymal
stem cells (MSCs) into GB tissue and observed inhibition of GB
cell growth and development [3]. MicroRNA molecules released
from Extracellular Vesicles of umbilical cord MSCs are considered
to be the proposed mechanism of such therapeutic effect [3].
Therefore, data are accumulating on the functional role of exosomes
in oncological topics and the reality of MSCs use as one of the
components in the treatment of GB [3-5].