Expectancy Violations in Relationships with Friends and Media Figures

Finding meaning in a celebrity’s death: The relationship between parasocial attachment, grief, and sharing educational health information related to Robin Williams on social network sites

“…Parasocial relationships can end for a variety of reasons, such as when media figures die, are taken off the air, or are voluntarily terminated in the wake of scandal or some other expectancy violation (Cohen, 2010;Cohen, 2004;Eyal & Cohen, 2006;Hu, 2015;Lather & Moyer-Gus e, 2011). Dissolution of parasocial relationships is distressing.…”

Parasocial relationships with audiences’ favorite celebrities: The role of audience and celebrity characteristics in a representative Flemish sample

“…However, contemporary celebrity culture extends to a wide range of domains. Following others (Bocarnea and Brown, 2007;Cohen, 2010;McCutcheon, Lange, and Houran, 2002), this study acknowledges this variety and its relevance to better understanding of PSI/PSR. Second, the PSI and PSR concepts are often used interchangeably, while they point to distinct processes (Klimmt et al, 2006;Schramm and Hartmann, Brought to you by | University of Iowa Libraries Authenticated Download Date | 6/9/15 10:58 PM Nathalie Claessens and Hilde Van den Bulck 2008).…”

“…emotional connection 2. analogy with social relationships Third, most PSR/PSI studies employ college student samples (e.g., Auter and Palmgreen, 2000;Cohen, 1997;Cohen, 2010;Eyal and Dailey, 2012;Eyal and Rubin, 2003;Lather and Moyer-Guse, 2011;Rubin and McHugh, 1987;Rubin and Perse, 1987;Schiappa et al, 2005;Turner, 1993;Wang et al, 2008). While scholars acknowledge this limitation, few studies actually obtain a more repreBrought to you by | University of Iowa Libraries Authenticated Download Date | 6/9/15 10:58 PM sentative sample (e.g., Cohen, 2003;Levy, 1979;McCutcheon et al, 2002;Rubin and Step, 2000;Schramm and Hartmann, 2008).…”

“…A first crucial element of PSR is emotional connection, encompassing empathy, intimacy, and comprehension (Boon and Lomore, 2001;Horton and Wohl, 1956;Klimmt et al, 2006;Rubin and Step, 2000). Second, PSR are repeatedly described as similar to social relationships (Cohen, 2010;Eyal and Dailey, 2012;Giles, 2003;Lather and Moyer-Guse, 2011;Rubin and Perse, 1987;Schramm and Hartmann, 2008;Turner, 1993;Wang et al, 2008) in terms of interpersonal expectations and processes of relationship development (Cole and Leets, 1999;Rubin and McHugh, 1987;Turner, 1993) and break-ups (Cohen, 2003), and knowledge gathering and storage (Schiappa et al, 2005). Indeed, celebrities are part of people's social world and are similar to friends or family members (Boon and Lomore, 2001).…”

Emotional Reactions to Sports Heroes’ Rise and Fall: Application of Affective Disposition Theory Via the Hero Narrative

“…As they note, consumers' moral reactions to characters, their successes or failures and their outcomes, determine how much consumers like, hope for, and enjoy those characters. Further, athletes, in comparison to other media figures, were particularly susceptible to parasocial relationship violations in which consumers, especially women, reported decreasing their level of intimacy of their association with the athlete [36]. Considering this, relationships with athletes is an area ripe for study because consumers Within the hero narrative Te'o didn't fall as far from grace as Armstrong.…”