Expansion and hazard risk assessment of glacial lake Jialong Co in the central Himalayas by using an unmanned surface vessel and remote sensing

Li, Da; Shangguan, Donghui; Wang, Xinyue; Ding, Yongjian; Su, Peng; Liu, Ruilian; Wang, Meixia

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147249

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Although the empirical relation may not be completely accurate, it can still provide a first order estimation of lake volumes. (Furian et al, 2021;Li et al, 2021;Taylor et al, 2021;Zheng et al, 2021).…”

Section: Glacial Lake Classification and Volume Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal evolution of glacial lakes in the Tibetan Plateau over the past 30 years

Dou

Fan

Yunus

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. As the Third Pole of the Earth and the Water Tower of Asia, Tibetan Plateau (TP) nurtures large numbers of glacial lakes, which are sensitive to global climate change. These lakes modulate the freshwater ecosystem in the region, but concurrently pose severe threats to the valley population by means of sudden glacial lake outbursts and consequent floods (GLOFs). Lack of high-resolution multi-temporal inventory of glacial lakes in TP hampers a better understanding and prediction of the future trend and risk of glacial lakes. Here, we created a multi-temporal inventory of glacial lakes in TP using 30 years record of satellite images (1990–2019), and discussed their characteristics and spatio-temporal evolution over the years. Results showed that their number and area had increased by 3285 and 258.82 km2, respectively in the last 3 decades. We noticed that different regions of TP exhibited varying change rates in glacial lake size; some regions even showed decreasing trend such as the western Pamir and the eastern Hindu Kush because of reduced rainfall rates. The mapping uncertainty is about 17.5 %, lower than other available datasets, thus making our inventory, a reliable one for the spatio-temporal evolution analysis of glacial lakes in TP. Our lake inventory data are freely available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5574289 (Dou et al., 2021); it can help to study climate change-glacier-glacial lake-GLOF interactions in the third pole and serve input to various hydro-climatic studies.

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Section: Glacial Lake Classification and Volume Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal evolution of glacial lakes in the Tibetan Plateau over the past 30 years

Dou

Fan

Yunus

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Government agencies and research institutions have promoted these surveys. In the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings, the bathymetric surveys are focused on the glacial lakes in the Himalayas (Sharma et al, 2018;Watson et al, 2018), where approximately 60 bathymetric surveys of glacial lakes, such as the Cirenmaco, Jialongco, and Longbasaba Lake, were conducted Wang et al, 2018;Li et al, 2021). They measure the water depth with ultrasonic devices onboard automatic uncrewed boats or manual https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2023-12 Preprint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A conceptual model for glacial lake bathymetric distribution

Zhang

Wang

2023

Preprint

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Abstract. The formation and expansion of glacial lakes worldwide due to global warming and glacier retreat have been well documented in the past few decades. Thousands of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) originating from moraine-dammed and ice-dammed lakes were reported, causing devastating impacts on downstream lives and properties. Detailed glacial lake bathymetry surveys are essential for accurate GLOF simulation and risk assessment. However, these bathymetry surveys are still scarce as glacial lakes located in remote and high-altitude environments hamper a comprehensive investigation. We developed a conceptual model for glacial lake bathymetric distribution using a semi-automatic simulation procedure. The basic idea is that the statistical glacial lake volume-area curves conform to a power-law relationship indicating that the idealized geometric shape of the glacial lake basin should be hemispheres or cones. First, by reviewing the evolution of various types of glacial lakes, we identified 10 standard conceptual models to describe the shape of lake basins. Second, we defined a general conceptual model to depict the continuum transitions between different standard conceptual models for those specific glacial lakes that lie between two standard conceptual models. Third, we nested the conceptual model into the actual glacial lake basin to construct the water depth contours and interpolate the glacial lake bathymetric distribution. We applied the conceptual model to simulate three typical glacial lakes in the Tibetan Plateau with in-situ bathymetric surveys to verify the algorithm's applicability. The results show a high consistency in the point-to-point comparisons of the measured and simulated water depths with a total volume difference of approximately ±10 %. The conceptual model has significant implications for understanding glacial lake evolution and modeling GLOFs in the future.

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“…These moraine dams are mainly composed of poorly sorted sediments, permafrost, and buried ice (Iribarren Anacona et al, 2015;Westoby et al, 2014;Worni et al, 2012). In the context of climate warming, the water pressure to moraine dams has increased in recent decades owing to rapid glacial retreat and glacial meltwater accumulation in lake basins (Che et al, 2021;Daiyrov et al, 2018;Gardelle et al, 2011;Li et al, 2021;Yao et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the freeze-thaw and buried ice melting process of the Longbasaba moraine dam (Himalayas) based on the heat transfer module of COMSOL Multiphysics from 1959 to 2100

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Permafrost degradation poses an increasingly serious threat of glacial lake outburst floodings (GLOFs) in the Tibetan Plateau. It is therefore of great practical significance to analyze the freeze-thaw state in moraine dams and associated impacts on dam stability. We simulated the soil temperature of the Longbasaba moraine dam based on the heat transfer module of COMSOL Multiphysics. The results show that the soil temperature of the moraine dam can be adequately simulated using the COMSOL Multiphysics heat transfer module and the simulated temperature values are generally consistent with the observed trends, yielding root mean square errors (RMSEs) less than 1.58 and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients (NSEs) between 0.66 and 0.93. The average annual increase of the active layer depth was 0.026 m/a from 1959 to 2020. The buried ice inside the moraine dam was evidently melting and the maximum buried ice thawing depth under scenarios SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5 in CMIP6 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6) is expected to be 11.3 m, 18.4 m, and 23.5 m, respectively, by the end of the century, which indicates a continuous deterioration of the moraine dam stability.

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Expansion and hazard risk assessment of glacial lake Jialong Co in the central Himalayas by using an unmanned surface vessel and remote sensing

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Spatio-temporal evolution of glacial lakes in the Tibetan Plateau over the past 30 years

Spatio-temporal evolution of glacial lakes in the Tibetan Plateau over the past 30 years

A conceptual model for glacial lake bathymetric distribution

Simulating the freeze-thaw and buried ice melting process of the Longbasaba moraine dam (Himalayas) based on the heat transfer module of COMSOL Multiphysics from 1959 to 2100

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